A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is managed with glimepiride. The primary healthcare provider (HCP) adds a new prescription for injectable exenatide. Which information is most important for the nurse to teach this client?

Notify the healthcare provider if anorexia occurs.

Consume additional sources of potassium.

Watch for signs of jitteriness or diaphoresis.

Administer subcutaneously after meals.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Notify the healthcare provider if anorexia occurs: Anorexia can be a side effect of exenatide, but it is generally mild and often transient. While persistent or severe anorexia should be reported, it is not the most immediate or dangerous concern compared to the risk of hypoglycemia when combining exenatide with a sulfonylurea like glimepiride.

B. Consume additional sources of potassium: Exenatide is not known to cause significant potassium depletion. Hypokalemia is not a common complication with either exenatide or glimepiride therapy, so there is no specific need to focus on increasing potassium intake.

C. Watch for signs of jitteriness or diaphoresis: Combining exenatide with glimepiride significantly increases the risk of hypoglycemia. Symptoms like jitteriness, diaphoresis, shakiness, and confusion are hallmark signs of low blood sugar, making it crucial to educate the client to recognize and manage hypoglycemia promptly.

D. Administer subcutaneously after meals: Exenatide should be administered subcutaneously, but it must be given before meals, typically within 60 minutes prior to eating. Administering it after meals would decrease its effectiveness in controlling postprandial blood glucose spikes.

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Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"D","dropdown-group-3":"A"}

Explanation

Increasing heart rate: Increasing heart rate is not the mechanism of thiazide diuretics or ACE inhibitors. It would raise blood pressure by increasing cardiac workload. Effective antihypertensives aim to lower or stabilize heart rate, not increase it.
Reducing stroke volume: Thiazide diuretics reduce stroke volume by lowering blood volume through sodium and water excretion. This decreases cardiac output and helps lower blood pressure, particularly in volume-sensitive hypertension.
Suppressing the appetite: Suppressing appetite is unrelated to the action of thiazide diuretics or ACE inhibitors. These drugs target fluid balance and vascular tone, not the central nervous system mechanisms that regulate hunger.
Decreasing serum sodium levels: Both thiazide diuretics and ACE inhibitors contribute to decreased serum sodium levels, which helps lower blood volume. This reduction supports blood pressure control but must be monitored to avoid hyponatremia.
Reducing systemic vascular resistance: ACE inhibitors lower blood pressure by reducing systemic vascular resistance through vasodilation. Blocking angiotensin II prevents arterial constriction, easing the workload on the heart and lowering afterload.

A. Feverfew may interact with aspirin or nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). B. Those with allergies to chamomile, ragweed, or yarrow should not take feverfew. C. Abdominal pain, gas, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea can occur when taking feverfew. D. Increased anxiety and nervousness have been reported by those taking feverfew.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Feverfew may interact with aspirin or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs): Feverfew has antiplatelet effects that can increase the risk of bleeding when combined with aspirin or NSAIDs. Teaching the client about this interaction is critical to prevent serious adverse effects such as gastrointestinal bleeding or easy bruising.

B. Those with allergies to chamomile, ragweed, or yarrow should not take feverfew: Although this is important information for clients with specific allergies, it is not as immediately critical as informing about drug interactions that can cause dangerous bleeding risks.

C. Abdominal pain, gas, nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea can occur when taking feverfew: These gastrointestinal side effects are common but generally mild and not life-threatening, making them less critical to address compared to drug interactions.

D. Increased anxiety and nervousness have been reported by those taking feverfew: While some clients may experience mild mood changes, this is less common and not as serious as the bleeding risks associated with concurrent use of feverfew and other antiplatelet agents.

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A client with type 2 diabetes mellitus is managed with glimepiride. The primary healthcare provider (HCP) adds a new prescription for injectable exenatide. Which information is most important for the nurse to teach this client?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Patient Data Select from Word Choices to complete the sentence. The thiazide diuretic works to decrease the client's blood pressure by ______, and the angiotensin converting enyzme (ACE) inhibitor works to decrease the client's blood pressure by ________ and _______

Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"D","dropdown-group-3":"A"}

Explanation

A client who experiences migraine headaches reports having fewer headaches since using the herbal remedy feverfew. Which information is most important for the nurse to include in a teaching plan for this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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