A clinic nurse is caring for a client with a history of osteoporosis. What diagnostic test will best allow the care team to assess the client's risk of fracture?

Bone densitometry.

Arthrography.

Bone scan.

Arthroscopy.

Vagus nerve.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Bone densitometry is a non-invasive test that measures bone mineral density (BMD). It helps to identify the presence of osteoporosis and assess fracture risk by comparing the patient's bone density to that of a healthy young adult. Low BMD indicates higher fracture risk. This test is essential for monitoring osteoporosis progression and guiding treatment decisions.

Choice B rationale

Arthrography involves injecting contrast dye into a joint before imaging with X-ray or MRI. It evaluates joint structures, such as cartilage, ligaments, and capsules, but it is not specifically designed to measure bone density or assess fracture risk.

Choice C rationale

A bone scan involves injecting a small amount of radioactive material into the bloodstream, which accumulates in areas of high bone activity. It detects bone abnormalities, such as fractures, infections, or tumors. However, it is not used for assessing bone density or fracture risk.

Choice D rationale

Arthroscopy is a minimally invasive surgical procedure that allows direct visualization of joint structures using a small camera. It is primarily used for diagnosing and treating joint problems, such as torn ligaments or cartilage, but it does not assess bone density or fracture risk.

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

MRI is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses magnetic fields and radio waves to create detailed images of the body's structures. The preparation for an MRI typically involves removing metal objects and sometimes fasting, but it is not similar to a myelogram.

Choice B rationale

A lumbar puncture, like a myelogram, involves inserting a needle into the spinal canal to collect cerebrospinal fluid or inject contrast dye. The preparation for both procedures includes obtaining consent, positioning the patient, and ensuring proper hydration. This similarity is why the nurse should explain that the preparation is akin to a lumbar puncture.

Choice C rationale

Cerebral angiography is an invasive procedure used to visualize blood vessels in the brain, requiring catheter insertion and contrast dye. The preparation is more complex, involving fasting and possible sedation, differing from the simpler preparation for a myelogram.

Choice D rationale

An EEG (electroencephalogram) measures electrical activity in the brain using electrodes placed on the scalp. The preparation is generally non-invasive and less intensive than that for a myelogram, typically involving clean hair and avoiding caffeine.

A. Ataxic. B. Dystrophic. C. Steppage. D. Helicopod. E. Helicopod.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Ataxic gait is characterized by uncoordinated movement, wide-based steps, and irregular distances between steps, often seen in cerebellar dysfunctions.

Choice B rationale

Dystrophic gait is associated with muscle weakness, often seen in muscular dystrophies, where there is difficulty in walking, a waddle-like walk, and frequent falls.

Choice C rationale

Steppage gait is associated with foot drop, where the individual lifts their knees higher than usual to avoid dragging their toes, often seen in peripheral neuropathies.

Choice D rationale

Helicopod gait involves the feet making a half-circle with each step and is often seen in individuals with certain neurologic disorders, such as hemiplegia or certain types of ataxia.

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A clinic nurse is caring for a client with a history of osteoporosis. What diagnostic test will best allow the care team to assess the client's risk of fracture?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client is scheduled for a myelogram, and the nurse explains to the client that this is an invasive procedure, which assesses for any lesions in the spinal cord. The nurse should explain that the preparation is similar to which of the following neurologic tests?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client in the emergency department has a suspected neurologic disorder. To assess gait, the nurse asks the client to take a few steps; with each step, the client's feet make a half circle. To document the client's gait, the nurse should use which term?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is preparing a client for a neurological examination by the health care provider and explains tests the health care provider will be doing, including the Romberg test. The client asks the purpose of this particular test. The correct reply by the nurse is which of the following?

Which term describes the fibrous connective tissues that cover the brain and spinal cord?

The nurse is performing a neurologic assessment on a client diagnosed with a stroke and cannot elicit a gag reflex. This deficit is related to which of the following cranial nerves?

A client is being tested for a gag reflex. When the nurse places the tongue blade to the back of the throat, there is no response elicited. What dysfunction does the nurse determine the client has?

A nurse practitioner prescribes a therapeutic bath for a client with an exacerbation of psoriasis. The nurse tells the client to make sure the bath area is well ventilated. Which of the following is the therapeutic bath solution prescribed by the nurse?

A client's fracture is healing and compact bone is replacing spongy bone around the periphery of the fracture. This process characterizes what phase of the bone healing process?

The nurse is assessing the client's pupils following a sports injury. Which of the following assessment findings indicates a neurologic concern?

A client is admitted to an acute care facility with a suspected dysfunction of the lower brain stem. The nurse should monitor this client closely for: