A community health nurse provides care for numerous older adult clients. Which client would the nurse identify as demonstrating a deficit in knowledge, experience, and skills that could potentially compromise health?

A 79-year-old woman who has dysphagia following her recent stroke

An 80-year-old man, newly diagnosed with diabetes, who shows an inability to manipulate glucometer and test strips

An 89-year-old man who has recently lost the ability to climb stairs due to an exacerbation of his heart failure

A 78-year-old woman who states that she lost all hope since her spouse's death 5 months prior and no longer wants to stay active

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. A 79-year-old woman who has dysphagia following her recent stroke:

Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, following a stroke is a serious condition that requires careful management to prevent complications such as aspiration pneumonia or malnutrition. While dysphagia presents challenges, it may not necessarily indicate a deficit in knowledge, experience, or skills on the part of the client. Dysphagia management typically involves interventions by healthcare professionals rather than self-management by the client.

B. An 80-year-old man, newly diagnosed with diabetes, who shows an inability to manipulate glucometer and test strips:

This scenario suggests a deficit in knowledge and skills related to managing diabetes, a chronic condition that requires ongoing monitoring of blood glucose levels. Proper use of a glucometer and test strips is essential for self-management of diabetes. The client's inability to manipulate these devices indicates a potential gap in understanding or ability to perform necessary self-care tasks, which could compromise his health if left unaddressed.

C. An 89-year-old man who has recently lost the ability to climb stairs due to an exacerbation of his heart failure:

Losing the ability to climb stairs due to heart failure exacerbation is a significant functional decline rather than a deficit in knowledge, experience, or skills. While it may impact the client's mobility and quality of life, it doesn't necessarily indicate a lack of understanding or skills that could compromise health. The focus for this client would be on managing the exacerbation of heart failure and potentially regaining functional abilities through rehabilitation or other interventions.

D. A 78-year-old woman who states that she lost all hope since her spouse's death 5 months prior and no longer wants to stay active:

This scenario suggests emotional distress and loss of motivation following the death of the client's spouse rather than a deficit in knowledge, experience, or skills related to health management. While emotional well-being is important for overall health, addressing this issue would involve psychosocial support and interventions rather than focusing solely on deficits in knowledge or skills.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Calling a local hotel to find an available room for the family: This intervention reflects a family-centered care approach by acknowledging the importance of family involvement and support. By assisting the family in finding nearby accommodations, the nurse recognizes their need to be close to the client and actively supports their presence during the client's care.

B. Apologizing to the client's grandchild that the child is too young to visit: This intervention does not reflect a family-centered care approach. Instead, it may inadvertently discourage family involvement by conveying a message that certain family members are not welcome or accommodated in the care setting.

C. Allowing visitation for 10 minutes every 2 hours: While this intervention allows for visitation, the strict time limit and schedule do not fully reflect a family-centered care approach. Family-centered care typically involves more flexible and individualized visitation policies that accommodate the preferences and needs of both the client and their family members.

D. Including the family in discussions with the health care provider: This intervention exemplifies a family-centered care approach by recognizing the importance of involving the client's family in decision-making and care planning. By including the family in discussions with the health care provider, the nurse ensures that they are informed, engaged, and empowered to participate in decisions about the client's care.

A. Fidelity B. Nonmaleficence C. Justice D. Beneficence

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Fidelity:

Fidelity refers to the ethical principle of faithfulness, loyalty, and honoring commitments in the nurse-patient relationship. It involves keeping promises, maintaining confidentiality, and advocating for the patient's best interests. While fidelity is important in building trust and rapport with patients, it is not directly relevant to the colleague's caution about the potential harm of administering morphine in this scenario.

B. Nonmaleficence:

Nonmaleficence is the ethical principle that emphasizes the duty to do no harm to the patient. It involves avoiding actions that could cause harm or exacerbate the patient's condition. In this scenario, the colleague's caution about the potential risk of respiratory depression and harm from administering morphine aligns with the principle of nonmaleficence, as it prioritizes the safety and well-being of the client by warning against the potential harms of the intervention.

C. Justice:

Justice refers to the ethical principle of fairness and equitable distribution of resources and treatment. It involves ensuring that all individuals receive fair and equal treatment and that healthcare resources are allocated fairly. While justice is an important ethical principle in healthcare, it is not directly relevant to the colleague's caution about the potential respiratory depression from administering morphine in this scenario.

D. Beneficence:

Beneficence is the ethical principle that emphasizes the duty to do good and promote the well-being of the patient. It involves taking actions to benefit the patient and enhance their welfare. While administering morphine to relieve the client's pain would align with the principle of beneficence by aiming to alleviate suffering and improve comfort, the colleague's caution highlights the potential harm that could result from the intervention, thus focusing more on the principle of nonmaleficence.

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A community health nurse provides care for numerous older adult clients. Which client would the nurse identify as demonstrating a deficit in knowledge, experience, and skills that could potentially compromise health?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a newly admitted 76-year-old client. When applying the family-centered care model, which intervention by the nurse would reflect a focus on this type of care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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