A community health nurse provides care for numerous older adult clients. Which client would the nurse identify as demonstrating a deficit in knowledge, experience, and skills that could potentially compromise health?
A 79-year-old woman who has dysphagia following her recent stroke
An 80-year-old man, newly diagnosed with diabetes, who shows an inability to manipulate glucometer and test strips
An 89-year-old man who has recently lost the ability to climb stairs due to an exacerbation of his heart failure
A 78-year-old woman who states that she lost all hope since her spouse's death 5 months prior and no longer wants to stay active
The Correct Answer is B
A. A 79-year-old woman who has dysphagia following her recent stroke:
Dysphagia, or difficulty swallowing, following a stroke is a serious condition that requires careful management to prevent complications such as aspiration pneumonia or malnutrition. While dysphagia presents challenges, it may not necessarily indicate a deficit in knowledge, experience, or skills on the part of the client. Dysphagia management typically involves interventions by healthcare professionals rather than self-management by the client.
B. An 80-year-old man, newly diagnosed with diabetes, who shows an inability to manipulate glucometer and test strips:
This scenario suggests a deficit in knowledge and skills related to managing diabetes, a chronic condition that requires ongoing monitoring of blood glucose levels. Proper use of a glucometer and test strips is essential for self-management of diabetes. The client's inability to manipulate these devices indicates a potential gap in understanding or ability to perform necessary self-care tasks, which could compromise his health if left unaddressed.
C. An 89-year-old man who has recently lost the ability to climb stairs due to an exacerbation of his heart failure:
Losing the ability to climb stairs due to heart failure exacerbation is a significant functional decline rather than a deficit in knowledge, experience, or skills. While it may impact the client's mobility and quality of life, it doesn't necessarily indicate a lack of understanding or skills that could compromise health. The focus for this client would be on managing the exacerbation of heart failure and potentially regaining functional abilities through rehabilitation or other interventions.
D. A 78-year-old woman who states that she lost all hope since her spouse's death 5 months prior and no longer wants to stay active:
This scenario suggests emotional distress and loss of motivation following the death of the client's spouse rather than a deficit in knowledge, experience, or skills related to health management. While emotional well-being is important for overall health, addressing this issue would involve psychosocial support and interventions rather than focusing solely on deficits in knowledge or skills.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. High urinary volume:
While older adults may experience changes in urinary habits, such as increased urinary frequency or urgency, high urinary volume is not typically considered a common age-related issue. It may instead be indicative of other conditions like diabetes or excessive fluid intake.
B. Overflow incontinence:
Overflow incontinence, characterized by the inability to fully empty the bladder, leading to frequent dribbling of urine, is a common age-related issue in older adult males. It can be caused by factors such as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), which is more prevalent as men age.
C. Frequent urination:
Frequent urination, also known as urinary frequency, can occur in older adults due to various reasons, including decreased bladder capacity or irritability. While it is common in aging populations, it is not as specifically associated with age-related changes as overflow incontinence.
D. Fruity urine odor:
Fruity urine odor is not typically considered a common age-related issue. It may indicate the presence of certain medical conditions like uncontrolled diabetes, where the body produces ketones that can impart a fruity smell to the urine.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Fried chicken with collard greens: Fried foods are high in fat, which can exacerbate symptoms of pancreatitis. Collard greens, although a vegetable, are often prepared with added fats. This choice would warrant a teaching plan on avoiding high-fat foods to prevent aggravating pancreatitis.
B. Grilled salmon with summer squash: Grilled salmon is a lean protein source and summer squash is a low-fat vegetable. This choice aligns well with dietary recommendations for pancreatitis management, so no additional teaching plan may be necessary.
C. Tomato sandwich on white bread: Tomatoes are acidic and may cause discomfort for some individuals with pancreatitis. White bread is refined and lacks fiber, which may not be ideal for digestive health. This choice could prompt a teaching plan on selecting foods that are gentle on the digestive system and higher in fiber.
D. 2% milk with high-fiber cereal: While 2% milk is not excessively high in fat, it still contains some fat which may be problematic for pancreatitis. High-fiber cereal is generally a good choice, but it depends on the specific ingredients and whether they are well-tolerated by the individual. This choice could lead to a teaching plan on selecting low-fat dairy alternatives and choosing high-fiber foods that are easier on the digestive system.
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