A confirmed IV drug abuser admits to the nurse he has no desire to stop using drugs, so rather than lecture the individual on the dangers of drug addiction, the nurse provides information how to sterilize his needles. Which of the following prevention efforts is the nurse attempting to achieve?
Secondary prevention to reduce the risk for infection or other complications
Tertiary prevention to reduce the transmission of blood-borne diseases
Primary prevention by avoidance of future legal complications
Primary prevention by educating about safe injections
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Secondary screens for infection; sterilizing aids existing users. This errors per prevention levels. It’s universally distinct, not detection.
Choice B reason: Tertiary reduces disease spread in active drug users. This fits public health standards. It’s universally applied, distinctly harm reduction.
Choice C reason: Legal issues aren’t prevention; sterilizing targets health. This misaligns with nursing focus. It’s universally distinct, not disease-related.
Choice D reason: Primary prevents drug use; sterilizing manages current use. This errors per prevention definitions. It’s universally distinct, post-use.
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Media campaigns override family choice; respecting autonomy fits better. This errors per nursing ethics. It’s universally distinct, intrusive.
Choice B reason: Forcing free care burdens others, not ethical. Informed choice prevails, per standards. This misaligns with fairness. It’s universally distinct.
Choice C reason: Respecting informed family decisions upholds autonomy, an ethical priority. This aligns with nursing standards. It’s universally applied, distinctly correct.
Choice D reason: Pressuring funding denies family autonomy; respect is ethical. This errors per nursing principles. It’s universally distinct, coercive.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Thin-walled pustules with honey-colored crusts indicate impetigo, bacterial from Staphylococcus, not HPV. These rupture and crust due to pus, unlike HPV’s viral, proliferativewarts, which lack this infectious discharge, distinguishing them clinically and pathologically in skin lesion presentation entirely here.
Choice B reason: Vesicles ulcerating in 1-4 days fit herpes simplex, not HPV. Herpes causes rapid blistering and crusting from viral cell damage, contrasting HPV’s slower, cauliflower-like growth from epidermal hyperplasia, separating their lesion progression and appearance biologically and distinctly overall.
Choice C reason: HPV lesions, like genitalwarts from types 6 and 11, show cauliflower-like, elevated growths. This viral-induced keratinocyte proliferation creates rough, clustered warts, a unique hallmark distinguishing them from other infections’ ulcerative or pustular patterns clinically and pathologically here comprehensively.
Choice D reason: Solitary growths with elevated borders and central depression suggest basal cell carcinoma, not HPV. This cancerous lesion from UV damage differs from HPV’s viral, multi-clusteredwarts, lacking malignancy or central depression, separating them in appearance and etiology entirely and clearly.
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