A student comes to the college health clinic with typical cold symptoms of fever, sneezing, and coughing, but the nurse also notes a rash with small white spots on the inside of the student's cheeks. Which of the following actions should be taken by the college health nurse?
Reassure the student that it is just a bad cold and will soon pass.
Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible measles exposure.
Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible rubella epidemic.
Tell the student to take two acetaminophen and drink lots of fluids.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Reassure the student that it is just a bad cold and will soon pass: This dismisses the symptoms and delays necessary public health intervention.
B. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible measles exposure: Koplik spots (small white spots inside the cheeks) are a classic early sign of measles, which is highly contagious. Prompt notification is needed to prevent an outbreak.
C. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible rubella epidemic: While rubella also causes a rash, it does not present with Koplik spots.
D. Tell the student to take two acetaminophen and drink lots of fluids: Symptomatic relief is important but does not address the risk of measles transmission.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"B","dropdown-group-2":"A","dropdown-group-3":"A"}
Explanation
I. Agent: Plasmodium-Plasmodium is a protozoan parasite responsible for causing malaria. It is the infectious microorganism that leads to disease, making it the agent in this scenario.
II. Host: Human- In malaria transmission, humans serve as the primary host where Plasmodium multiplies and causes illness. The parasite infects red blood cells, leading to symptoms like fever and chills.
III. Environment: Stagnant water- Stagnant water serves as a breeding ground for Anopheles mosquitoes, which are the vectors that transmit Plasmodium to humans. The environment plays a crucial role in maintaining the conditions necessary for disease transmission.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Clients with HIV infection are encouraged to use condoms to protect sexual partners. This is an example of primary prevention, which aims to prevent disease transmission before it occurs.
B. Health care workers are required to have a tuberculosis skin test or chest X-ray. Secondary prevention involves early detection and screening to identify disease in its early stages before symptoms develop or to prevent progression. TB screening (skin tests or chest X-rays) allows for early identification and treatment, preventing further transmission and severe disease.
C. Health care workers are encouraged to receive annual vaccinations for influenza. This is also primary prevention because vaccinations help prevent initial infection.
D. Clients with HIV infection are given medications to improve immunological response. This represents tertiary prevention, which focuses on managing existing disease to prevent complications.
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