Which of the following best describes the characteristic appearance of lesions of human papillomavirus (HPV)?

Elevated growths with a "cauliflower" appearance

Solitary growth with elevated borders and a central depression

Thin-walled pustules that rupture to form honey-colored crusts

Vesicles that ulcerate and crust within 1 to 4 days

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Elevated growths with a "cauliflower" appearance: HPV lesions, commonly known as genital warts, have a characteristic raised, rough, and cauliflower-like appearance. These lesions are caused by HPV types 6 and 11.

B. Solitary growth with elevated borders and a central depression: This describes a basal cell carcinoma, which is a type of skin cancer, not HPV-related warts.

C. Thin-walled pustules that rupture to form honey-colored crusts: This describes impetigo, a bacterial skin infection typically caused by Staphylococcus aureus or Streptococcus pyogenes.

D. Vesicles that ulcerate and crust within 1 to 4 days: This describes herpes simplex virus (HSV) lesions, not HPV. HSV lesions appear as painful fluid-filled blisters that rupture and form ulcers.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Endemic: An endemic disease is one that is consistently present in a population at expected levels, such as malaria in some tropical regions. Food poisoning outbreaks are not endemic.

B. Epidemic: An epidemic occurs when there is a sudden increase in cases of a disease within a specific population, as seen in this outbreak of food poisoning among picnic attendees.

C. Pandemic: A pandemic affects multiple countries or continents, which does not apply to this localized outbreak.

D. Polidemic: The term "polidemic" is not commonly used in epidemiology; the correct term for a localized outbreak is "epidemic."

A. Clients with HIV infection are encouraged to use condoms to protect sexual partners. B. Health care workers are required to have a tuberculosis skin test or chest X-ray. C. Health care workers are encouraged to receive annual vaccinations for influenza. D. Clients with HIV infection are given medications to improve immunological response.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Clients with HIV infection are encouraged to use condoms to protect sexual partners. This is an example of primary prevention, which aims to prevent disease transmission before it occurs.

B. Health care workers are required to have a tuberculosis skin test or chest X-ray. Secondary prevention involves early detection and screening to identify disease in its early stages before symptoms develop or to prevent progression. TB screening (skin tests or chest X-rays) allows for early identification and treatment, preventing further transmission and severe disease.

C. Health care workers are encouraged to receive annual vaccinations for influenza. This is also primary prevention because vaccinations help prevent initial infection.

D. Clients with HIV infection are given medications to improve immunological response. This represents tertiary prevention, which focuses on managing existing disease to prevent complications.

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Which of the following best describes the characteristic appearance of lesions of human papillomavirus (HPV)?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A public health nurse found that out of the 70 people who ate the potato salad at a school picnic, 63 developed symptoms of food poisoning. Which of the following best describes this disease spectrum?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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