A couple has come to the infertility clinic because they have been unable to get pregnant. Whichdiagnostic test is planned to determine if ovulation is regular and when to time implantation?

Choice A: Tremors, rigidity, bradykinesia/akinesia, postural instability are correct because they are the cardinal motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. They are caused by the degeneration of dopamine-producing neurons in the brain that control movement. Tremors are involuntary shaking of the limbs or other body parts. Rigidity is stiffness or resistance to movement. Bradykinesia/akinesia is slowness or absence of movement. Postural instability is impaired balance or coordination.

Choice B: Dysphagia is correct because it is a common non-motor symptom of Parkinson's disease. It is difficulty swallowing food or liquids. It can result from the impairment of the muscles involved in swallowing or from the reduced production of saliva. Dysphagia can cause malnutrition, dehydration, aspiration, or choking.

Choice C: Psychiatric changes: depression, anxiety, dementia, delirium, hallucinations are correct because they are also common non-motor symptoms of Parkinson's disease. They can result from the changes in the brain chemistry or structure, the side effects of medications, or the emotional impact of living with a chronic condition. Depression is a persistent feeling of sadness, hopelessness, or loss of interest. Anxiety is a feeling of nervousness, worry, or fear.

Dementia is a decline in cognitive functions such as memory, atention, or reasoning. Delirium is a sudden state of confusion, disorientation, or agitation. Hallucinations are false perceptions of things that are not there.

Choice D: All of the above are correct because they are possible signs of Parkinson's disease. However, not all patients experience all of these symptoms or to the same degree. The symptoms may vary depending on the stage and progression of the disease, the individual characteristics of the patient, and the treatment options available.

The current recommendation from the American Cancer Society is that women with an average risk of breast cancer should undergo annual mammography screening starting at age 45, although women may choose to start screening as early as age 40. Therefore, the nurse should recommend annual mammography screening starting at age 45. However, it is important to note that women with certain risk factors for breast cancer, such as a family history of the disease, may need to begin screening earlier or undergo additional screening tests. The nurse can provide more individualized recommendations based on each woman's specific risk factors.