A neonate is born with bilateral mild talipes equinovarus (club foot). When the parents ask the nurse how this will be corrected, the nurse should give which explanation?
Infants outgrow this condition when they learn to walk.
Surgical intervention is needed.
Traction with foot manipulation is used.
Frequent serial casting is tried first.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason:
Infants do not outgrow clubfoot when they learn to walk. Clubfoot is a congenital deformity that requires medical intervention to correct. Without treatment, the condition can lead to significant disability and difficulty in walking1. The goal of treatment is to correct the foot’s position and function, allowing the child to walk normally.
Choice B reason:
Surgical intervention is not the first line of treatment for clubfoot. While surgery may be necessary in severe cases or if other treatments fail, the initial approach typically involves non-surgical methods. The Ponseti method, which includes serial casting and gentle manipulation, is the preferred initial treatment. Surgery is considered only if these methods do not achieve the desired results.
Choice C reason:
Traction with foot manipulation is not a standard treatment for clubfoot. The primary non-surgical treatment involves the Ponseti method, which includes serial casting and gentle manipulation of the foot3. This method has been shown to be highly effective in correcting clubfoot without the need for traction.
Choice D reason:
Frequent serial casting is the first line of treatment for clubfoot. The Ponseti method, which involves weekly casting and gentle manipulation of the foot, is the most widely used and effective treatment for clubfoot. This method gradually corrects the foot’s position over several weeks, followed by bracing to maintain the correction4. Serial casting is preferred because it is non-invasive and has a high success rate.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Removing the harness several times a day is not recommended. The Pavlik harness should be worn continuously as prescribed by the doctor to ensure proper hip development. Removing it frequently can disrupt the treatment and may lead to complications.
Choice B Reason:
Placing a superabsorbent disposable diaper over the harness is important to keep the harness clean and dry. This helps prevent skin irritation and maintains hygiene. It is essential to ensure that the diaper is properly positioned to avoid any interference with the harness.
Choice C Reason:
Returning to the clinic every 12 weeks for adjustment of the harness is not accurate. Typically, follow-up visits are more frequent, especially in the initial stages of treatment. Regular adjustments are necessary to ensure the harness is fitting correctly and effectively promoting hip development.
Choice D Reason:
Applying lotion or powder to minimize skin irritation is not recommended. Lotions and powders can accumulate and cause further irritation or infection. Instead, keeping the skin clean and dry is the best way to prevent irritation while using the Pavlik harness.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Walnuts are a source of protein and contain phenylalanine, an amino acid that individuals with phenylketonuria (PKU) must limit in their diet. While nuts can be a healthy snack for most people, they are not suitable for those with PKU due to their high phenylalanine content. Therefore, walnuts are not the best choice for children with PKU.
Choice B reason:
Cow’s milk is another source of protein and contains significant amounts of phenylalanine. Dairy products, including milk, cheese, and yogurt, are generally high in protein and should be avoided by individuals with PKU. Consuming cow’s milk can lead to elevated levels of phenylalanine in the blood, which can be harmful to children with PKU.
Choice C reason:
Bananas are a fruit that contains very low levels of phenylalanine. Fruits and vegetables are generally safe for individuals with PKU as they are low in protein and phenylalanine. Bananas, in particular, are a good option for children with PKU as they provide essential nutrients without contributing to high phenylalanine levels.
Choice D reason:
Diet soda with aspartame should be avoided by individuals with PKU because aspartame is an artificial sweetener that contains phenylalanine. Consuming products with aspartame can lead to an increase in phenylalanine levels in the blood, which can be harmful to those with PKU. Therefore, diet soda with aspartame is not a suitable choice for children with PKU.
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