Which assessment findings might be observed in an infant with upper or lower urinary tract infection? (Select all that apply)

Jaundice

Failure to gain weight

Swelling of the face

Persistent diaper rash

Vomiting

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

Choice A reason:

Jaundice can be an assessment finding in infants with a urinary tract infection (UTI). UTIs can cause systemic symptoms in infants, including jaundice, especially in newborns. This is due to the immature liver function and the body’s response to infection1. Jaundice in the context of a UTI requires prompt medical evaluation and treatment to prevent complications.

Choice B reason:

Failure to gain weight is another possible assessment finding in infants with a UTI. Infants with UTIs may experience poor feeding, irritability, and lethargy, which can contribute to inadequate weight gain2. Monitoring an infant’s growth and development is crucial, and any signs of failure to thrive should prompt further investigation for underlying conditions such as UTIs.

Choice C reason:

Swelling of the face is not typically associated with UTIs in infants. While facial swelling can be a sign of other medical conditions, it is not a common symptom of UTIs. UTIs primarily affect the urinary system and may cause symptoms such as fever, irritability, and poor feeding.

Choice D reason:

Persistent diaper rash can be an assessment finding in infants with a UTI. The presence of a UTI can lead to increased urine output and changes in urine composition, which can irritate the skin and contribute to diaper rash. Persistent or recurrent diaper rash in conjunction with other symptoms may warrant further evaluation for a UTI.

Choice E reason:

Vomiting is a common symptom in infants with UTIs. The infection can cause gastrointestinal symptoms such as vomiting, diarrhea, and poor feeding. These symptoms, along with fever and irritability, are often seen in infants with UTIs and should prompt medical evaluation.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is c. An excessive destruction of platelets.

Choice A: Diffuse fibrin deposition in the microvasculature

Diffuse fibrin deposition in the microvasculature is not characteristic of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). This description is more aligned with disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), a condition where widespread clotting occurs within the blood vessels, leading to multiple organ damage.

Choice B: Deficiency in the production rate of globin chains

A deficiency in the production rate of globin chains is associated with thalassemia, a genetic blood disorder that affects the production of hemoglobin. This is not related to the pathology of immune thrombocytopenia.

Choice C: An excessive destruction of platelets

An excessive destruction of platelets is the hallmark of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP). In ITP, the immune system mistakenly targets and destroys platelets, which are essential for blood clotting. This leads to a low platelet count and an increased risk of bleeding.

Choice D: Bone marrow failure in which all elements are suppressed

Bone marrow failure in which all elements are suppressed is characteristic of aplastic anemia, a condition where the bone marrow fails to produce sufficient blood cells. This is not related to immune thrombocytopenia.

A. Use a straw to administer the medication. B. Give the medication with vitamin C. C. It is best to give the medication with food. D. Give the medication with milk.

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

The correct answers are a) Use a straw to administer the medication, b) Give the medication with vitamin C, and c) It is best to give the medication with food.

Choice A reason:

Using a straw to administer ferrous sulfate is recommended to prevent staining of the teeth. Ferrous sulfate, especially in liquid form, can cause discoloration of the teeth if it comes into direct contact with them. By using a straw, the medication bypasses the teeth, reducing the risk of staining.

Choice B reason:

Giving ferrous sulfate with vitamin C is beneficial because vitamin C enhances the absorption of iron. Vitamin C (ascorbic acid) helps convert iron into a form that is more easily absorbed by the body. Therefore, administering ferrous sulfate with a source of vitamin C, such as orange juice, can improve its effectiveness.

Choice C reason:

It is best to give ferrous sulfate with food to reduce gastrointestinal side effects. While iron is best absorbed on an empty stomach, it can cause stomach upset, nausea, and constipation. Taking the medication with food can help mitigate these side effects, making it more tolerable for the child.

Choice D reason:

Giving ferrous sulfate with milk is not recommended. Dairy products, including milk, can interfere with the absorption of iron. Calcium in milk binds with iron, reducing its bioavailability and effectiveness. Therefore, it is best to avoid giving ferrous sulfate with milk or other dairy products.

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Which assessment findings might be observed in an infant with upper or lower urinary tract infection? (Select all that apply)

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which describes the pathology of immune thrombocytopenia?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which of the following should the nurse include when teaching a parent about the administration of ferrous sulfate to a 4-year-old child? (Select all that apply)

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

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