A newborn is diagnosed with Hirschsprung disease. Which clinical manifestations found on assessment support this newborn’s diagnosis?
Acute diarrhea; dehydration.
Failure to pass meconium; abdominal distension.
Projectile vomiting; altered electrolytes.
Currant jelly-like gelatinous stools; pain.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A reason: Acute diarrhea and dehydration are not typical of Hirschsprung disease, which is characterized by bowel obstruction.
Choice B reason: This is the correct choice. Failure to pass meconium within the first 48 hours of life and abdominal distension are classic signs of Hirschsprung disease.
Choice C reason: Projectile vomiting and altered electrolytes could be signs of other conditions but are not specific to Hirschsprung disease.
Choice D reason: Currant jelly-like gelatinous stools and pain are more indicative of intussusception rather than Hirschsprung disease. Hirschsprung disease typically presents with a failure to pass stool and abdominal distension.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
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Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: A recent streptococcal infection is not a symptom of Kawasaki disease.
Choice B reason: Kawasaki disease typically presents with a high fever, not a low-grade fever.
Choice C reason: This is the correct choice. Dry, peeling skin and a patchy rash are common symptoms of Kawasaki disease.
Choice D reason: Conjunctivitis in Kawasaki disease typically does not have exudates.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: While symptoms of infection are important to assess, they are not the immediate priority following vaccine administration.
Choice B reason: Anaphylaxis is a rapid, potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can occur after vaccination, making it the priority assessment.
Choice C reason: Pain at the injection site is common and expected, but it is not as critical as assessing for anaphylaxis.
Choice D reason: Myalgia, or muscle pain, may occur after vaccination but is not the immediate priority for assessment.
Choice E reason: Hyperthermia, or elevated body temperature, could indicate an adverse reaction; however, anaphylaxis is the most urgent concern to address post-vaccination.
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