At which stage of development are children able to understand the permanence of death?

Choice A reason: Fasciitis, inflammation of the fascia, could cause pain and possibly edema, but it typically does not cause fever.

Choice B reason: Compartment syndrome is a serious condition where increased pressure within the muscles can lead to muscle and nerve damage as well as problems with blood flow. Pain, edema, and fever could be signs of this condition, especially in a limb that is in traction.

Choice C reason: Osteochondrosis refers to a group of disorders that affect the growth of bones in children and adolescents. While it can cause pain, it does not typically cause edema or fever.

Choice D reason: Osteomyelitis, an infection in the bone, could cause pain, edema, and fever. However, the acute onset of symptoms in a limb under traction is more indicative of compartment syndrome. Osteomyelitis typically has a more gradual onset.

Choice A reason: A high-pitched cry can be a sign of distress in an infant, but it is not a specific indicator of increased intracranial pressure. It could be due to a variety of reasons, including discomfort, hunger, or other forms of distress.
Choice B reason: Decreased lower extremity movement could be a sign of a neurological issue, but it is not a direct indicator of increased intracranial pressure. It would require further evaluation to determine the cause.
Choice C reason: Excessive wet diapers are not typically associated with increased intracranial pressure. This symptom could be related to other conditions such as diabetes insipidus or excessive fluid intake.
Choice D reason: This is the correct choice. A bulging fontanel when crying is a classic sign of increased intracranial pressure in an infant. The fontanel, or soft spot on the baby's head, can bulge when there is increased pressure within the skull. This should be promptly evaluated by a healthcare professional.