A nurse administered prochlorperazine (Compazine) IV to a client three hours ago. The nurse understands that a complication of this medication includes extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). Which of the following signs indicate EPS?
Vomiting
Restlessness
Pulmonary edema
Nausea
The Correct Answer is B
A. Vomiting is not typically associated with extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS). However, prochlorperazine is used to prevent nausea and vomiting, so vomiting would not be related to EPS.
B. Restlessness (also called akathisia) is a common symptom of EPS, which is a movement disorder that can occur as a side effect of antipsychotic medications like prochlorperazine. Other symptoms may include tremors, rigidity, and bradykinesia.
C. Pulmonary edema is not a sign of EPS. It is a serious condition involving fluid accumulation in the lungs, typically related to heart failure or other serious health conditions.
D. Nausea is not a sign of EPS. While prochlorperazine is used to treat nausea, EPS symptoms typically involve abnormal movements or muscle control issues.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic, and although it can cause dehydration and electrolyte imbalances, it does not specifically cause hypokalemia as a primary side effect.
B. Spironolactone is a potassium-sparing diuretic, so it is less likely to cause hypokalemia. In fact, it can cause hyperkalemia.
C. Furosemide is a loop diuretic that increases urine output and can lead to potassium loss, causing hypokalemia. This is a common complication of loop diuretics.
D. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication and is not a diuretic, so it is not associated with hypokalemia.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Hydrochlorothiazide does not typically cause increased swelling of the ankles. It is a diuretic and helps reduce fluid retention.
B. Fluid intake should not be restricted unless specifically indicated. Diuretics like hydrochlorothiazide increase urine output, and adequate fluid intake is generally encouraged to prevent dehydration.
C. Taking hydrochlorothiazide at bedtime is not recommended due to the increased urination, which may disrupt sleep.
D. Taking this medication with food can help prevent gastrointestinal upset, which is a common side effect of hydrochlorothiazide.
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