A nurse at a clinic is talking with a patient who has cancer and takes extended-release opioids BID. The patient reports an increase in localized, achy pain over the last few days. How should the nurse document this increase in pain?
Phantom limb pain
Neuropathic pain
Breakthrough pain
Mixed pain
The Correct Answer is A
A. Breakthrough pain is defined as a transient exacerbation of underlying persistent pain that occurs on a background of otherwise controlled pain. This is the most accurate description of the patient's experience: a sudden increase in pain despite taking regular opioid medication.
B. Phantom limb pain is pain felt in a limb that is no longer there. This does not apply to the patient's situation.
C. Neuropathic pain is caused by damage to the nerves. While it can be achy, the description of localized pain suggests a different type of pain.
D. Mixed pain is a combination of different types of pain. While possible, breakthrough pain is the most likely and specific diagnosis based on the given information.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Asthma is a reversible obstructive airway disease characterized by inflammation and narrowing of the airways. With proper management and medication, asthma symptoms can be controlled, and airway obstruction can be reversed.
B. COPD is a progressive, irreversible lung disease that involves damage to the alveoli and airways. While symptoms can be managed, the underlying lung damage is permanent.
C. Emphysema is a type of COPD characterized by destruction of the alveoli. It is irreversible.
D. Bronchitis is inflammation of the bronchial tubes. While acute bronchitis can be reversed, chronic bronchitis is a component of COPD and is therefore irreversible.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. While respiratory depression and cyanosis can be associated with opioid toxicity, agitation is not a typical symptom.
B. Pinpoint Pupils, Respiratory Depression, and ALOC (Altered Level of Consciousness are the three signs are classic indicators of opioid overdose.
C. PERRLA (pupils equal, round, reactive to light, and accommodation) indicates normal pupil function, which is opposite to opioid toxicity.
D. Dilated pupils are more indicative of stimulant use, not opioid overdose.
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