A nurse at an emergency department is caring for a child who was admitted with cystic fibrosis. The child's parent is given the following laboratory results: sodium 128 mg/dL (136 to 145 mEq/dL), blood glucose 268 g/dL (70 to 100 g/dL), potassium 4.2 mq/L (3.4 to 4.7 mEq/L), and oxygen saturation 88% on 2 L/min via nasal canula (95% to 100% ) . The parent ask how the values relate to cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements by the nurse is accurate?

"Oxygen saturation levels elevate due to scaring of lung tissue and impairment of gas exchange."

"The condition impairs the function of the intestines, therefore affecting blood glucose levels."

"The condition produces mucus in the lungs, affecting potassium levels."

"The condition affects the movement of sodium and water, lowering sodium levels."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Oxygen saturation levels typically decrease, not elevate, in cystic fibrosis due to scarring and impairment of lung function, leading to difficulty with gas exchange.

B. Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the lungs and digestive system but does not directly impact blood glucose levels unless diabetes develops as a complication.

C. Cystic fibrosis affects mucus production in the lungs, but potassium levels are not typically affected in the way described. Potassium imbalance would be more related to renal function or other factors.

D. Cystic fibrosis affects the movement of sodium and water across cell membranes, leading to thickened mucus and an increased risk of electrolyte imbalances, such as low sodium levels (hyponatremia).

Nursing Test Bank

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Clinicians should be involved in discussions about the child’s prognosis to ensure that the family receives clear, compassionate information for decision-making.

B. Palliative care can and should be introduced earlier in the course of the illness, not just when the child is expected to live less than 6 months.

C. Parents expressing hope for survival do not necessarily reject palliative care. Palliative care can focus on comfort and quality of life even when there is still hope for recovery.

D. Palliative care should be integrated with curative care, as it can improve the quality of life while still pursuing treatment options.

A. Elevate the head of the child's bed. B. Administer IM epinephrine to the child. C. Determine the allergen that caused the child's reaction D. Insert a large bore IV catheter for the child.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Elevating the head of the bed may be useful after airway management but is not the priority in anaphylaxis.

B. Administering IM epinephrine is the priority action in anaphylaxis, as it works rapidly to reverse the symptoms by constricting blood vessels, relaxing smooth muscles, and improving breathing.

C. Determining the allergen is important for future prevention, but the immediate priority is treating the reaction.

D. While establishing IV access is important for fluid resuscitation, it is not the priority over administering epinephrine in anaphylaxis.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching a newly hired nurse about the management of care for the terminal illness of a child. Which of the following statements by the newly hired nurse indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse in an emergency department is caring for an adolescent who is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. Which of the following is the priority action by the nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A school nurse is taking care of an adolescent who presents with multiple burns in various stages of healing. which of the following behaviors should the nurse identify as a suggestive of possible physical abuse?

Complete the diagram by dragging from the choices below to specify what condition the client is most likely experiencing, 2 actions the nurse should take to address that condition, and 2 parameters the nurse should monitor to assess the client's progress.

A nurse is caring for three toddlers and one preschooler. Which represents the major stressor of hospitalization for these four patients?

The nurse is caring for a boy with probable intussusception. While waiting for a radiologist-guided air enema to reduce the intussusception, he passes a normal brown stool. Which nursing action is the most appropriate?

A nurse is providing teaching to a parent of a preschooler who has eczema. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?

A nurse is admitting a 6-month-old infant who has dehydration. Which of the following amounts of urinary output should indicate to the nurse that the treatment has corrected the fluid imbalance?

A parent calls the pediatric clinic to report that her child has a bloody nose. The nurse should give the parent which of the following instructions to stop the bleeding?