A nurse at an emergency department is caring for a child who was admitted with cystic fibrosis. The child's parent is given the following laboratory results: sodium 128 mg/dL (136 to 145 mEq/dL), blood glucose 268 g/dL (70 to 100 g/dL), potassium 4.2 mq/L (3.4 to 4.7 mEq/L), and oxygen saturation 88% on 2 L/min via nasal canula (95% to 100% ) . The parent ask how the values relate to cystic fibrosis. Which of the following statements by the nurse is accurate?
"Oxygen saturation levels elevate due to scaring of lung tissue and impairment of gas exchange."
"The condition impairs the function of the intestines, therefore affecting blood glucose levels."
"The condition produces mucus in the lungs, affecting potassium levels."
"The condition affects the movement of sodium and water, lowering sodium levels."
The Correct Answer is D
A. Oxygen saturation levels typically decrease, not elevate, in cystic fibrosis due to scarring and impairment of lung function, leading to difficulty with gas exchange.
B. Cystic fibrosis primarily affects the lungs and digestive system but does not directly impact blood glucose levels unless diabetes develops as a complication.
C. Cystic fibrosis affects mucus production in the lungs, but potassium levels are not typically affected in the way described. Potassium imbalance would be more related to renal function or other factors.
D. Cystic fibrosis affects the movement of sodium and water across cell membranes, leading to thickened mucus and an increased risk of electrolyte imbalances, such as low sodium levels (hyponatremia).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Positive reinforcement, such as giving stickers for sitting on the potty, is an effective way to encourage toilet training in toddlers, especially those with cognitive impairments.
B. Playing a favorite song can help with the process but is not as effective as a structured reinforcement like rewarding the child for participating in the activity.
C. Teaching multiple steps at once can be overwhelming for a toddler with cognitive impairments. It is better to break the task into simple, manageable steps.
D. Scolding the child for accidents can cause shame and hinder progress. Positive reinforcement is more effective than punishment.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. The CRIES scale is used for neonates and infants, not toddlers.
B. The FACES pain rating scale is appropriate for children aged 3 years and older, allowing them to express their pain visually through faces showing different expressions.
C. The Noncommunicating children's pain checklist is used for older children with communication impairments.
D. The Numeric pain rating scale is more suitable for older children and adults who can understand and use numbers to rate pain.
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