A nurse in a hospital is assisting in the care of a toddler who has a history of congenital brain malformations. The child's family is at the bedside, including the child's 5-year-old sibling who seems distressed. Which of the following nursing interventions would be most appropriate to support the child's sibling?

Ask the parents to escort the child's sibling to the family lounge so they are not in the child's room.

Consult the child life specialist to provide age-appropriate activities and emotional support to the sibling.

Provide the sibling with coloring pages and crayons to keep them occupied in the child's room.

Offer the sibling a tour of the hospital unit to help them become more familiar with the environment.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Ask the parents to escort the child's sibling to the family lounge so they are not in the child's room. Removing the sibling from the room does not address their distress or emotional needs. Siblings of hospitalized children may experience fear, anxiety, or feelings of exclusion, and they need support, not isolation.

B. Consult the child life specialist to provide age-appropriate activities and emotional support to the sibling. Child life specialists are trained to help children understand and cope with hospitalization through play, education, and emotional support. They can help the sibling process their emotions in an age-appropriate way.

C. Provide the sibling with coloring pages and crayons to keep them occupied in the child's room. While coloring can be a helpful distraction, it does not address the sibling’s distress or provide the emotional support they may need to understand their sibling’s condition.

D. Offer the sibling a tour of the hospital unit to help them become more familiar with the environment. A tour may help the child feel more comfortable, but it does not directly address their distress or emotions regarding their sibling’s hospitalization.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Cough, edema, and increased work of breathing. While these symptoms can indicate worsening heart failure, cough and edema are less prominent signs in infants compared to respiratory distress and feeding difficulties.

B. Tachypnea and diaphoresis with feeding, poor weight gain, and irritability. This is correct. Infants with worsening heart failure often struggle with feeding due to increased energy demands and difficulty breathing. Tachypnea (rapid breathing) and diaphoresis (excessive sweating) during feeding are classic early signs. Poor weight gain results from inadequate caloric intake, and irritability may be due to fatigue and hypoxia.

C. Abdominal pain, poor appetite, and cough. Abdominal pain is difficult to assess in infants, and poor appetite alone is not a definitive sign of heart failure. Cough may occur but is not a primary indicator of worsening heart failure in infants.

D. Bradycardia, rapid weight gain, and irritability. Bradycardia is not a common sign of worsening heart failure in infants; tachycardia (fast heart rate) is more typical. Rapid weight gain could suggest fluid retention but is not as reliable a sign as feeding difficulties and respiratory distress.

A. Delayed motor development B. Lung defects C. Scoliosis D. Insomnia E. Muscle weakness

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A. Delayed motor development. Children with muscular dystrophy often experience delayed milestones, such as difficulty walking, running, or climbing stairs. This is due to progressive muscle weakness, which affects motor skill acquisition.

B. Lung defects. While respiratory muscle weakness can occur in later stages of muscular dystrophy, congenital lung defects are not a primary characteristic of the condition. Respiratory complications typically arise due to muscle deterioration rather than structural lung defects.

C. Scoliosis. Progressive muscle weakness leads to postural instability, increasing the risk of scoliosis (abnormal spinal curvature). This is particularly common in Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) as the muscles supporting the spine weaken.

D. Insomnia. Sleep disturbances are not a primary symptom of muscular dystrophy. However, respiratory complications or discomfort in later stages may contribute to sleep issues, but insomnia is not a defining feature.

E. Muscle weakness. Progressive muscle weakness is the hallmark of muscular dystrophy. It typically starts in the proximal muscles (hips, thighs, shoulders) and worsens over time, leading to mobility challenges and loss of independence.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is providing care for an infant who has heart failure and is being discharged from the hospital. When reinforcing discharge education, which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse ensure caregivers are able to identify as signs of worsening heart failure?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is collecting data from a child who has been diagnosed with muscular dystrophy. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect? (Select All that Apply.)

Correct Answer is ["A","C","E"]

Explanation

A nurse is contributing to the plan of care for a 7-year-old client who has atopic dermatitis, Which of the following interventions should the nurse prioritize for controlling manifestations of the condition? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is assisting in the care of a client who has a long-term suprapubic catheter in place and is eager to learn how to care for the catheter. The nurse recognizes that a child in which of the following psychosocial developmental stages may be ready for this education?

A nurse is caring for a 10-year-old client in a pediatric clinic. Exhibits For each potential provider's prescription, click to specify if the assessment findings are consistent with Eczema or Cellulitis. Each finding may support more than 1 disease process.

A nurse is contributing to a plan of care for an 8-year-old child prescribed an anticonvulsant for pain. Which of the following recommendations should the nurse plan to make? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is reinforcing education to a family with a child who has Kawasaki disease. Which of the following statements made by the caregiver indicates an understanding of the education provided?

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