A nurse in a mental health unit asks a client who has schizophrenia, "How are you?" Which of the following responses should the nurse identify as the speech alteration of echolalia?

"I am lovistrated."

"Super, trooper, and duper."

"How are you?"

"Pink spots in Africa."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Echolalia is the repetition of words or phrases spoken by others. In this case, the client is repeating the nurse's question, "How are you?" This is an example of echolalia.

a) "I am lovistrated" is an example of neologism, which is the creation of new words.

b) "Super, trooper, and duper" is an example of clang association, which is the use of words that sound alike but have no logical connection.

d) "Pink spots in Africa" is an example of a thought disorder, which is a disruption in the organization and expression of thoughts.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Answer: B. Stiff posture

Rationale:
A. Lip-smacking : Lip-smacking is not typically an indication of pain in newborns. It may be associated with hunger or neurological responses, but it does not directly indicate discomfort or pain caused by shoulder dystocia or other injuries.
B. Stiff posture : A stiff posture can indicate pain in newborns, as they often exhibit hypertonicity or rigidity when experiencing discomfort. This response is a protective mechanism and may suggest the newborn is reacting to pain from potential nerve or tissue damage caused by shoulder dystocia.
C. Weak cry : While a weak cry may indicate neurological or respiratory distress, it is not a specific sign of pain. In the context of shoulder dystocia, a weak cry could reflect complications such as brachial plexus injury but does not directly signify the presence of pain.
D. Tongue-darting : Tongue-darting is more commonly associated with neurological issues or feeding difficulties rather than pain. It is not a typical behavioral response to discomfort or injury in newborns experiencing complications like shoulder dystocia.

A. Suction device B. Infusion pump C. Disposable feeding bag D. Sterile gloves

Correct Answer is A

No explanation

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A nurse in a mental health unit asks a client who has schizophrenia, "How are you?" Which of the following responses should the nurse identify as the speech alteration of echolalia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from a newborn who has shoulder dystocia. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as an indication of pain?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

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