A nurse in the outpatient setting is evaluating a client with new chronic renal failure. The client has many questions about diet and prevention of complications.

Exhibits
A nurse is providing dietary teaching to a client diagnosed with chronic renal disease. The nurse should instruct the client to limit which of the following nutrients?
(Select All that Apply.)

Calcium

Calories

Phosphorus

Sodium

Protein

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E

A. Calcium: Clients with CKD may have low calcium levels due to impaired vitamin D metabolism; calcium may need to be supplemented, not restricted.

B. Calories: Clients need sufficient calories to prevent catabolism. Calorie intake is typically maintained or increased, not restricted.

C. Phosphorus: Phosphorus builds up in CKD, leading to bone disorders and vascular calcification; must be limited.

D. Sodium: Sodium contributes to fluid retention and hypertension, which are problematic in CKD.

E. Protein: Protein intake is moderated (especially in non-dialysis clients) to reduce nitrogenous waste buildup, though dialysis clients may need more.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Maintain adequate IV hydration: The first priority in major burns is fluid resuscitation due to massive fluid shifts and risk of hypovolemic shock.

B. Administer broad-spectrum antibiotics: Not a priority during the initial resuscitative phase. Infection control comes later unless signs of sepsis appear.

C. Give IV potassium chloride: Burn patients often experience hyperkalemia initially due to cell lysis; potassium is not given early.

D. Prepare intramuscular pain medications: IM route is avoided due to poor perfusion and risk of inadequate absorption in burn patients.

A. Draw blood for a complete blood cell (CBC) count. B. Inspect the mouth for signs of inhalation injuries. C. Administer intravenous pain medication. D. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Draw blood for a CBC: Important, but not the priority.

B. Inspect the mouth for signs of inhalation injuries: Airway assessment is always the priority in facial/chest burns due to the risk of inhalation injury and impending airway compromise.

C. Administer intravenous pain medication: Important, but airway always comes first.

D. Insert an indwelling urinary catheter: Urine output monitoring is important for fluid resuscitation but follows airway stabilization.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse has accepted care of a client with a major burn injury. The burns are 2nd and 3rd degree and estimated at 45% of total body surface area (TBSA). In addressing the pathophysiologic changes resulting from major burns the nurse is aware that the priority intervention for this client is?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse in an emergency room is caring for a client who sustained deep partial-thickness burns to both lower legs, chest, face, and both forearms. Which of the following is the priority action the nurse should take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A 65-year-old patient is admitted to the hospital with complaints of decreased urine output, fatigue, and swelling in the legs. Which of the following clinical cues is most indicative of acute kidney injury?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte Imbalances should the nurse expect?

A nurse is caring for a client who has a new arteriovenous (AV) graft in his left forearm. Which of the following techniques should the nurse use to assess the patency of this graft?

A nurse is preparing a client for the operating room Exhibits A nurse is planning care for a client who is scheduled to have a kidney biopsy. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan? (Select all that apply)

A nurse is assessing a client diagnosed with chronic renal disease for fluid volume excess. The nurse should recognize that which of the following provides a reliable measure of fluid retention?

A client who is in the acute phase of recovery from a burn injury has yet to experience adequate pain control. The nurse recognizes that which pain management strategy should best meet this client's pain control needs?

A nurse is conducting an assessment of a client with a severe circumferential burn injury to the forearm. Which of the following assessments should the nurse prioritize? (Select All that Apply.)

A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. The nurse should recognize that which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material, and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury (AKI)?