A nurse is assessing a 1-year-old toddler notices a large abdominal mass and pink-tinged urine on the diaper. Which of the following disorders should the nurse suspect?
Wilms' tumor
Intussusception
Nephritic syndrome
Pyloric stenosis
The Correct Answer is A
A Wilms' tumor is a common kidney cancer that primarily affects children. One of the classic signs of this tumor is the presence of a large abdominal mass, which may be palpable upon physical examination and hematuria (pink-tinged urine).
B. Intussusception is a condition where a part of the intestine folds into another section, causing an obstruction. The symptoms can include episodes of severe abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody stools, and lethargy.
C. Nephritic syndrome is a renal condition characterized by inflammation. The symptoms often include hematuria, hypertension, and oliguria.
D. Pyloric stenosis is a condition where the distal opening of the stomach is obstructed due to smooth muscle hypertrophy. It presents with projectile vomiting after feeding, dehydration, and weight loss.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. The symptoms described, including slow onset of recurrent low-grade fever, fatigue, weakness, joint and muscle aches, loss of appetite, weight loss, and diaphoresis, along with the presence of a new heart murmur, splenomegaly, petechiae, splinter hemorrhages under the nails, and Osler nodes, are classic signs and symptoms of infective endocarditis (IE).
B. Tetralogy of Fallot is a congenital heart defect characterized by four specific abnormalities in the heart's structure. The symptoms described do not align with the characteristic features of Tetralogy of Fallot.
C. Acute rheumatic fever is an inflammatory condition that can develop as a complication of untreated streptococcal infections, particularly strep throat. While it can lead to heart valve damage (rheumatic heart disease), the symptoms described are more indicative of infective endocarditis rather than acute rheumatic fever.
D. Pulmonary hypertension is a condition characterized by elevated blood pressure in the pulmonary arteries. While it can present with symptoms such as fatigue and weakness, it typically does not manifest with the constellation of symptoms described, including fever, joint and muscle aches, and the presence of Osler nodes and splinter hemorrhages.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Infants at 7 months of age begin to develop a pincer grasp, which involves using the thumb and index finger to pick up small objects. This is considered a normal developmental milestone.
B. Development of food preferences is a normal aspect of infant development as they explore different tastes and textures and, therefore, no need for further evaluation.
C. Infants at 7 months of age exhibit more advanced language development compared to earlier months. Babbling one-syllable sounds is a milestone expected by this age, and a lack of babbling may indicate a delay in language development warranting further evaluation by a healthcare provider.
D. Stranger anxiety typically emerges around 6 to 9 months of age as infants become more aware of unfamiliar people and may exhibit fear or discomfort in their presence. This is considered a normal developmental stage
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