A nurse is assessing a 1-year-old toddler notices a large abdominal mass and pink-tinged urine on the diaper. Which of the following disorders should the nurse suspect?
Wilms' tumor
Intussusception
Nephritic syndrome
Pyloric stenosis
The Correct Answer is A
A Wilms' tumor is a common kidney cancer that primarily affects children. One of the classic signs of this tumor is the presence of a large abdominal mass, which may be palpable upon physical examination and hematuria (pink-tinged urine).
B. Intussusception is a condition where a part of the intestine folds into another section, causing an obstruction. The symptoms can include episodes of severe abdominal pain, vomiting, bloody stools, and lethargy.
C. Nephritic syndrome is a renal condition characterized by inflammation. The symptoms often include hematuria, hypertension, and oliguria.
D. Pyloric stenosis is a condition where the distal opening of the stomach is obstructed due to smooth muscle hypertrophy. It presents with projectile vomiting after feeding, dehydration, and weight loss.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A: This response indicates that the parents understand the need to manage the child's symptoms, which is important, but it does not directly relate to preventing the transmission of the disease to others.
B: Monitoring the child's temperature is a part of caring for someone with an illness, but like option A, it does not address the prevention of spreading the infection.
C: Ensuring the child stays hydrated is crucial when they are ill, especially with a throat infection, as it can help soothe the throat and keep the child comfortable. However, this practice is not specifically about preventing disease transmission.
D: This is the correct response that indicates an understanding of the teaching on preventing disease transmission. Streptococcal bacteria can contaminate toothbrushes, and using the same toothbrush after illness can lead to re-infection or spread the bacteria to others. Discarding the toothbrush after the infection can help prevent this.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Monitoring the child's blood count is essential to assess the effectiveness of the iron supplements and ensure the child's anemia is being treated properly.
B. Dietary fiber does not enhance iron absorption; in fact, high levels of fiber can inhibit the absorption of iron. It is generally recommended to maintain a balanced diet while taking iron supplements.
C. Iron supplements are best absorbed on an empty stomach. However, if they cause stomach upset, they may be taken with a small amount of food or as directed by a healthcare provider.
D. Iron supplements should be administered in divided doses throughout the day to enhance absorption and minimize gastrointestinal side effects.
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