A nurse is assessing a client who has a hip fracture. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

Muscle spasms

Hip pallor

Leg abduction

Leg lengthening

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A.   Muscle spasms can occur in response to the hip fracture as the body attempts to protect the injured area. Spasms may cause pain and muscle rigidity in the affected hip.
B.   Pallor refers to paleness of the skin. While hip fractures can result in various signs and symptoms such as pain, swelling, and bruising, hip pallor specifically is not typically associated with a hip fracture.
C.   Leg abduction refers to moving the leg away from the midline of the body. In the case of a hip fracture, the affected leg may be held in adduction (closer to the midline) due to pain and muscle guarding.
D. Leg lengthening is not typically associated with a hip fracture. In fact, a hip fracture can often lead to apparent leg shortening due to displacement or angulation of the fractured bone.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. A comminuted fracture involves the bone being broken into multiple pieces or fragments. This description matches the scenario of the fractured tibia being splintered into several pieces.

A. An impacted fracture occurs when the bone fragments are driven into each other, causing shortening of the bone. This description does not match the scenario provided.

C. An oblique fracture occurs when the fracture line runs diagonally across the bone shaft. This description does not match the scenario provided.

D. A transverse fracture occurs when the fracture line is perpendicular to the long axis of the bone. This description does not match the scenario provided.

A. Malignant hypothermia B. Pulmonary embolism C. Fat embolism syndrome D. Acute compartment syndrome

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

D. Fractures, crush injuries, or tight casts can lead to compartment syndrome. Symptoms include severe pain, swelling, numbness or tingling, and decreased sensation or function of the affected limb.

Increasing edema in the calf is a hallmark manifestation of acute compartment syndrome and indicates a worsening of the condition.

A. Malignant hyperthermia is a rare but life-threatening complication that can occur in response to certain medications used during anesthesia. Edema in the calf is not a manifestation of malignant hyperthermia.

B. Pulmonary embolism occurs when a blood clot travels to the lungs and blocks blood flow. While pulmonary embolism can cause symptoms such as chest pain, shortness of breath, and cough, edema in the calf is not a typical manifestation of this condition.

C. Fat embolism syndrome occurs when fat globules are released into the bloodstream, often after long bone fractures or orthopedic procedures. Increasing edema in the calf is not a characteristic manifestation of fat embolism syndrome.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has a hip fracture. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has a fractured tibia as a result of a fall. The client x-ray shows that the bone is splintered into several pieces around the shaft. The nurse should identify that the client has which of the following types of fractures?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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