A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hyperkalemia?

Wheezing

Decreased deep tendon reflexes

Cerebral edema

Hypoactive bowel sounds

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Wheezing is not typically associated with hyperkalemia. It can be seen in conditions such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
B.   Hyperkalemia can lead to neuromuscular manifestations, including decreased deep tendon reflexes due to suppression of neuromuscular excitability.
C.   Cerebral edema is not a typical manifestation of hyperkalemia. It may occur in conditions such as hyponatremia or severe metabolic acidosis.
D.   Gastrointestinal manifestations of hyperkalemia are typically related to smooth muscle involvement and can include hyperactive bowel sounds or diarrhea.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Placing the client on seizure precautions is important as metabolic alkalosis can cause neurological symptoms, such as confusion and increased risk for seizures due to electrolyte imbalances (e.g., low calcium levels). Therefore, seizure precautions are warranted.
B. Breathing into a paper bag is used in respiratory alkalosis to increase CO2 levels, but it is not appropriate in metabolic alkalosis, where the issue is not primarily related to CO2 imbalance.
C. Encouraging the client to breathe slowly is generally more appropriate for respiratory alkalosis, not metabolic alkalosis. Slow breathing would not directly address the underlying issue of metabolic alkalosis.
D. Administering sodium bicarbonate would worsen metabolic alkalosis, as it would further increase the alkalotic state. Sodium bicarbonate is used in metabolic acidosis, not alkalosis.

A. PaCO; above 45 mm Hg B. pH below 7.35 C. HCO, above 26 mEq/L D. PaO, below 70 mm Hg

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Elevated PaCO2 would be seen in respiratory acidosis, not metabolic acidosis.

B. Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decreased pH.

C. This result would indicate metabolic alkalosis, not metabolic acidosis.

D. This result would indicate hypoxemia but is not specific to metabolic acidosis.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has chronic kidney disease. Which of the following findings is a manifestation of hyperkalemia?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with the care of a client who has metabolic alkalosis. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results of a client who the provider suspects has metabolic acidosis. Which of the following results should the nurse expect to see?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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