A nurse is assessing a client who has suspected acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse should identify which of the following is the most common presenting manifestation of ARDS?

Cyanosis.

Diaphoresis.

Somnolence.

Dyspnea.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A rationale

Cyanosis is a late sign of hypoxemia and not the most common initial manifestation of ARDS. It indicates severe oxygen deprivation but doesn’t typically appear first.

Choice B rationale

Diaphoresis, or excessive sweating, can occur with many conditions causing distress, but it’s not specifically the most common presenting symptom of ARDS. It's more of a nonspecific symptom of stress.

Choice C rationale

Somnolence, or drowsiness, might occur in severe respiratory distress when oxygen levels drop significantly, but it’s not the primary or most common presenting manifestation of ARDS.

Choice D rationale

Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is the hallmark of ARDS and the most common presenting symptom. It occurs due to the acute onset of severe hypoxemia caused by the underlying pathophysiology of ARDS.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Respiratory alkalosis involves low carbon dioxide levels, which is not typical in COPD exacerbations.

Choice B rationale

Respiratory acidosis occurs due to impaired gas exchange and carbon dioxide retention in COPD.

Choice C rationale

Metabolic acidosis results from renal or metabolic issues, not primarily respiratory issues like in COPD.

Choice D rationale

Metabolic alkalosis involves high bicarbonate levels and is not typically associated with COPD exacerbations. .

A. Metabolic acidosis. B. Metabolic alkalosis. C. Respiratory alkalosis. D. Respiratory acidosis.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a low pH and decreased HCO₃ levels, not increased PaCO₂.

Choice B rationale

Metabolic alkalosis presents with an elevated pH and increased HCO₃ levels, which do not match the given values.

Choice C rationale

Respiratory alkalosis is indicated by a high pH and decreased PaCO₂, opposite of the provided values.

Choice D rationale

Respiratory acidosis is identified by a low pH, elevated PaCO₂, and normal HCO₃, aligning with the provided values.

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A nurse is assessing a client who has suspected acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse should identify which of the following is the most common presenting manifestation of ARDS?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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A nurse is assessing a client who has suspected acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The nurse should identify which of the following is the most common presenting manifestation of ARDS?