A nurse is assessing a client with pulmonary edema. Which physical examination finding is indicative of fluid accumulation in the lungs?
Decreased respiratory rate
Inspiratory crackles in the lung bases
Increased breath sounds
Diminished heart sounds
The Correct Answer is B
A) Incorrect. A decreased respiratory rate is not typically associated with pulmonary edema, which often leads to increased respiratory effort.
B) Correct. Inspiratory crackles in the lung bases are indicative of fluid accumulation in the alveoli and are a common physical finding in pulmonary edema.
C) Incorrect. Increased breath sounds are not typically associated with pulmonary edema; instead, crackles or wheezing may be heard.
D) Incorrect. Diminished heart sounds are not a characteristic finding in pulmonary edema.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Limiting fluid intake should be based on the client's specific medical recommendations and should not be a general guideline.
B) Incorrect. Avoiding all physical activity is not necessary and can lead to deconditioning. Clients should engage in appropriate physical activity as advised by their healthcare provider.
C) Incorrect. Blood pressure should be regularly monitored as directed by the healthcare provider, not only when symptoms worsen.
D) Correct. Taking prescribed medications as directed, especially diuretics and medications to manage underlying conditions, is crucial in preventing recurrence of pulmonary edema.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A) Incorrect. Elevated body temperature is not a typical manifestation of pulmonary edema.
B) Incorrect. Bradycardia is not a common finding in pulmonary edema.
C) Correct. Crackles in the lung fields are a hallmark sign of pulmonary edema due to the accumulation of fluid in the alveoli.
D) Incorrect. Hypertension is not a typical finding in pulmonary edema; it is more commonly associated with conditions like heart failure.
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