A nurse is caring for an infant with a congenital heart disease who requires prostaglandin E1 therapy. What is the primary purpose of administering prostaglandin E1?
To improve cardiac contractility.
To reduce systemic blood pressure.
To promote ductus arteriosus closure.
To decrease heart rate.
The Correct Answer is C
A) Incorrect. Prostaglandin E1 does not primarily aim to improve cardiac contractility. It is used for a different purpose in the management of congenital heart diseases.
B) Incorrect. Prostaglandin E1 is not used to reduce systemic blood pressure. In fact, it may have the opposite effect, causing vasodilation and potentially lowering blood pressure.
C) The answer is C. Prostaglandin E1 is used to promote and maintain the patency of the ductus arteriosus, especially in critical congenital heart defects. This ensures adequate blood flow to systemic circulation until corrective surgery can be performed.
D) Incorrect. Prostaglandin E1 does not decrease heart rate. It primarily affects the patency of the ductus arteriosus.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A) This option is incorrect. Difficulty swallowing and poor feeding may indicate other issues, such as gastrointestinal problems, but they are not early symptoms specific to congenital heart diseases.
B) Correct answer. Cyanosis (bluish skin or lips) during crying or feeding is an early clinical finding that may indicate inadequate oxygenation due to heart defects. This symptom is especially prominent in cyanotic congenital heart diseases.
C) This option is incorrect. Persistent cough and recurrent respiratory infections may be related to respiratory issues but are not specific early symptoms of congenital heart diseases.
D) This option is incorrect. Excessive weight gain and a rapid growth rate are not typical early symptoms of congenital heart diseases.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A) This option is incorrect. Middle-aged adults are not considered a high-risk population for congenital heart diseases. These conditions are primarily present from birth.
B) This option is incorrect. Elderly individuals are not at high risk for congenital heart diseases since these conditions are typically diagnosed at birth or during childhood.
C) This option is incorrect. While prenatal diagnosis of certain congenital heart diseases is possible through fetal echocardiography, pregnant women themselves are not at a higher risk for developing these conditions.
D) Correct answer. Neonates and infants are the highest-risk population for congenital heart diseases because these conditions are typically present from birth and may become apparent shortly after delivery or during infancy.
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