A nurse is assessing an infant who has Tetralogy of Fallot. Which of the following clinical manifestations should the nurse expect?
Select all that apply.
Bounding peripheral pulses
Cyanotic spells
Stridor
Anemia
heart murmur
Correct Answer : B,E
A. "Bounding peripheral pulses." Bounding pulses are not characteristic of Tetralogy of Fallot. Instead, pulses may be normal or diminished, depending on the severity of the defect.
B. "Cyanotic spells." Tetralogy of Fallot causes decreased oxygenation, leading to periodic cyanotic episodes, particularly during crying or feeding ("tet spells").
C. "Stridor." Stridor is associated with upper airway obstructions, not cardiac defects like Tetralogy of Fallot.
D. "Anemia." Anemia is not a primary finding in Tetralogy of Fallot. Polycythemia (increased red blood cells) is more common due to chronic hypoxia.
E. "Heart murmur." A systolic murmur is common due to the pulmonary stenosis and ventricular septal defect associated with Tetralogy of Fallot.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]
Explanation
A. "I should eat extra food on busy days when I am more active." Physical activity lowers blood glucose levels. Eating extra food prevents hypoglycemia during periods of increased activity.
B. "I should increase my intake of sugar-free fluids when I am sick." During illness, maintaining hydration is essential. Sugar-free fluids help prevent dehydration without causing hyperglycemia.
C. "I should eat a snack 30 minutes before my baseball game starts." A pre-activity snack helps maintain blood glucose levels during exercise, reducing the risk of hypoglycemia.
D. "I should wait 2 hours after eating before playing with my friends." There is no need to delay physical activity for 2 hours after eating unless instructed otherwise by a healthcare provider.
E. "I should have a 16-ounce glass of milk if I start feeling weak or shaky." A smaller portion of fast-acting carbohydrates, like 4 ounces of juice or 15 grams of glucose tablets, is recommended for treating hypoglycemia.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A. Urine output of 50 mL in 2 hr: This is within normal limits for a child and does not indicate an immediate concern.
B. Lethargy: Lethargy is a potential sign of increased intracranial pressure (ICP), which is a critical complication of VP shunt placement and requires immediate intervention.
C. Respiratory rate 24/min: This is within the normal range for a 4-year-old child.
D. Absent Babinski reflex: This is a normal finding in children over 2 years old, as the reflex typically disappears by that age.
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