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A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has been diagnosed with depression and social isolation.

Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to determine the possible causes of the client’s condition?

“Have you experienced any significant losses or changes in your life recently?.”.

“How often do you communicate or visit with your family, friends or neighbors?.”.

“What are some of the activities or hobbies that you enjoy doing or used to do?.”.

All of the above.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

The correct answer is D.

All of the above.

The nurse should ask all of these questions to assess the possible causes of the client’s condition.

Depression and social isolation in older adults can be triggered by various factors, such as:.

• Losses or changes in life, such as death of a spouse, retirement, relocation, or chronic illness.

• Lack of social support or contact with family, friends, or neighbors, which can lead to loneliness and reduced self-esteem.

• Decreased engagement or interest in activities or hobbies that provide meaning, pleasure, or stimulation, which can affect mood and cognitive function.

By asking these questions, the nurse can identify the specific factors that contribute to the client’s depression and social isolation, and provide appropriate interventions to address them.

For example, the nurse can:.

• Provide emotional support and empathy to the client and help them cope with their losses or changes.

• Encourage the client to maintain or increase their social interactions and connections with others who share similar interests or experiences.

• Assist the client to resume or find new activities or hobbies that suit their abilities and preferences, and provide positive feedback and reinforcement.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is D.

All of the above.

This is because all of these findings indicate that the client has experienced an improvement in mood, energy, appetite, sleep, interest and participation in social activities and hobbies, which are common signs of depression recovery.

Choice A is wrong because it only covers some of the symptoms of depression, such as mood, energy, appetite and sleep, but not others, such as interest and participation in social activities and hobbies.

Choice B is wrong because it only measures the client’s depression level using standardized scales, such as the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) or the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9), but not their actual functioning and quality of life.

Choice C is wrong because it only reflects the client’s interest and participation in social activities and hobbies, which are important aspects of depression recovery, but not their mood, energy, appetite, sleep or depression level.

The GDS and the PHQ-9 are both valid and reliable tools for screening and measuring depression in older adults.

The GDS is a 15-item questionnaire that asks the client to answer yes or no to questions about their mood, satisfaction, hopelessness, helplessness, worthlessness, guilt, agitation, withdrawal and suicidal thoughts.

The PHQ-9 is a 9-item questionnaire that asks the client to rate how often they have experienced symptoms of depression in the past two weeks, such as depressed mood, anhedonia, insomnia or hypersomnia, fatigue, appetite or weight changes, concentration problems, feelings of worthlessness or guilt.

A. The client reports an improvement in mood, energy, appetite and sleep B.

The client scores lower on the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) or the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9) C.

The client shows more interest and participation in social activities and hobbies D.

All of the above

A. Older adults have less need for intimacy and affection than younger adults. B. Older adults may experience changes in sexual response or function due to physiological factors. C. Older adults should avoid sexual activity if they have any chronic diseases or disabilities. D. Older adults are at lower risk for sexually transmitted infections than younger adults.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is B.

Older adults may experience changes in sexual response or function due to physiological factors.This is because aging can affect the sex organs, hormones, blood flow, and nerve signals that are involved in sexual arousal and performance.These changes do not mean that older adults cannot enjoy a satisfying sex life, but they may require some adjustments or treatments to overcome any difficulties.

Choice A is wrong because older adults have the same need for intimacy and affection as younger adults, and sexuality is an important component of emotional and physical intimacy that can enhance well-being and quality of life.

Choice C is wrong because older adults with chronic diseases or disabilities can still have sexual activity, as long as they are comfortable and safe.They may need to consult with their health care providers about any precautions or modifications they should make to accommodate their conditions.

Choice D is wrong because older adults are not at lower risk for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) than younger adults.In fact, older adults may be more vulnerable to STIs due to lower immune function, thinner vaginal tissues, lack of condom use, and other factors.

Therefore, older adults should practice safe sex and get tested regularly for STIs.

Normal ranges for sexual response or function vary widely depending on the individual, the partner, the situation, and other factors.

There is no one standard or ideal way to experience sexuality and intimacy in older adulthood.The most important thing is to communicate openly with one’s partner and health care provider about any concerns or preferences, and to seek help if needed.

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A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has been diagnosed with depression and social isolation. Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to determine the possible causes of the client’s condition?

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A nurse is assessing an older adult client who has been diagnosed with depression and social isolation.

Which of the following questions should the nurse ask to determine the possible causes of the client’s condition?