A nurse is assessing risk factors for suicide. Which of the following should the nurse consider? Select all that apply.

Choice A reason: Coping patterns can influence an individual's ability to handle stress and may contribute to suicide risk if they are maladaptive.

Choice B reason: Alcohol use can increase impulsivity and lower inhibitions, potentially increasing the risk of suicide.

Choice C reason: Socioeconomic status can impact access to resources and support, which may affect an individual's suicide risk.

Choice D reason: Support systems can provide emotional support and connection, which are protective factors against suicide.

Choice E reason: Identifying suicide risk is essential in assessing the immediate danger and the need for interventions.

Choice A reason: While it’s important to assess access to lethal means, this question is too specific and assumes the client owns a gun. A more appropriate question might be, “Do you have access to any means to harm yourself?”

Choice B reason: Inquiring about thoughts of self-harm or harming others is a direct question that assesses suicidal ideation and intent, which is essential for determining immediate risk.

Choice C reason: Understanding if the client has specific plans for self-harm can help gauge the immediacy and seriousness of the suicide risk.

Choice D reason: Discussing feelings about dying can provide insight into the client's emotional state and potential risk for suicide.

Choice E reason:  This question is important but it should not replace direct questions about the client’s current thoughts and feelings. It’s possible for a client to deny feelings of suicidality to their psychiatrist while still experiencing them.