A nurse is assessing the body alignment of a standing patient. Which finding will the nurse report as normal?

When observed posteriorly, the hips and shoulders form an ‘’S’’ pattern

When observed laterally, the spinal curves align in a reversed S pattern

the arms should be crossed over the chest or in the lap

LThe feet should be close together with toes pointed out

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A) When observed posteriorly, the hips and shoulders form an "S" pattern: This is not a normal finding. A normal alignment should have the shoulders and hips in a straight line when observed posteriorly. An "S" pattern could indicate issues such as scoliosis or other postural abnormalities that require further assessment.

B) When observed laterally, the spinal curves align in a reversed S pattern: This is the normal finding. The spine should form a reversed "S" curve when observed laterally. This curve includes a cervical curve (forward), a thoracic curve (backward), and a lumbar curve (forward). This curvature allows for optimal shock absorption and proper weight distribution during standing and movement.
C) The arms should be crossed over the chest or in the lap: This is not a normal finding for body alignment. Arms should be relaxed at the sides or slightly away from the body in a natural, neutral position. Crossing arms can indicate discomfort or tension, which may affect the patient’s posture.

D) The feet should be close together with toes pointed out: This is not the normal body alignment. Feet should be shoulder-width apart with toes pointing forward in a neutral position when standing. Toes pointed out may indicate abnormal posture or gait patterns, such as muscle imbalances or discomfort.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) History of smoking: Smoking is a modifiable risk factor, meaning it can be reduced or eliminated through lifestyle changes. While smoking significantly increases the risk of stroke, it is not a nonmodifiable risk factor. Educating clients about the benefits of quitting smoking is important to reduce stroke risk.

B) Obesity: Obesity is also a modifiable risk factor. Lifestyle changes such as diet and exercise can help manage and reduce obesity, which in turn reduces the risk of stroke. While obesity increases the likelihood of stroke, it is not considered nonmodifiable.

C) Genetics: Genetics are a nonmodifiable risk factor. A family history of stroke or certain genetic predispositions can increase the risk of stroke. These genetic factors cannot be altered, which is why they should be included in the discussion about stroke risk factors.

D) History of hypertension: Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a significant risk factor for stroke, but it is modifiable through medication, diet, and lifestyle changes. It is not a nonmodifiable risk factor. Managing blood pressure through appropriate treatment and lifestyle changes can reduce the risk of stroke.

A. Water heater temperature 54.4°C (130" F) B. Bathtub with rails C. Raised toilet seats D. Electric cords behind the furniture E. Throw rugs

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A) Water heater temperature 54.4°C (130°F):
A water heater temperature of 130°F is a safety risk for older adults. At this temperature, there is a higher risk of burns, especially for individuals who may have impaired sensitivity to heat. It is recommended to set the water heater temperature at 120°F to prevent accidental burns.

B) Bathtub with rails:
The presence of bathtub rails is a safety feature, not a risk. They help provide support and stability for older adults when entering or exiting the bathtub, reducing the risk of falls. This finding should not be considered a safety risk.

C) Raised toilet seats:
Raised toilet seats are beneficial for individuals with mobility limitations, as they provide extra height and make it easier for older adults to sit down and stand up. This modification can actually help prevent falls and should not be considered a safety risk.

D) Electric cords behind the furniture:
Electric cords placed behind furniture pose a tripping hazard, especially for older adults who may have impaired vision or mobility. These cords can be a safety risk as they increase the likelihood of falls. It is essential to ensure that cords are properly secured and not in pathways or areas where they can be tripped over.

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A nurse is assessing the body alignment of a standing patient. Which finding will the nurse report as normal?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Explanation

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Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

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