A nurse is assigned to the following four clients with infections. The nurse realizes that which client has acquired a hospital-acquired infection?

urinary tract infection in a client who is sedentary

vaginal canal infection in a postmenopausal woman

respiratory infection contracted from a visitor

wound infection caused by unwashed hands of a caregiver

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A.   A urinary tract infection in a sedentary client does not inherently suggest a hospital-acquired infection.
B.   A vaginal canal infection in a postmenopausal woman does not inherently suggest a hospital-acquired infection.
C.   A respiratory infection contracted from a visitor does not inherently suggest a hospital-acquired infection.
D.   A wound infection caused by unwashed hands of a caregiver suggests a hospital- acquired infection due to the potential for contamination within the healthcare setting.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The clinical illness phase refers to the stage when signs and symptoms of the disease are present and identifiable.
B. The incubation period is the time between exposure to a pathogen and the onset of symptoms or signs of illness. In this case, the nurse is awaiting the potential development of infection after exposure to the hepatitis B virus.
C. The prodromal period is the time when initial symptoms begin to appear but are not yet specific or fully developed.
D. The convalescent period occurs after the acute phase of illness when the patient is recovering, which does not apply to the nurse's situation immediately after needlestick exposure.

A. generalized malaise B. joint inflammation and pain in the ankles C. deformities of fingers and toes D. progressive stiffening of the back

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While generalized malaise can occur with inflammatory conditions, it is not a hallmark symptom of ankylosing spondylitis.
B. Ankylosing spondylitis primarily affects the spine and sacroiliac joints, not typically the ankles.
C. Deformities of fingers and toes are not characteristic of ankylosing spondylitis; they are more commonly associated with conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
D. Ankylosing spondylitis is characterized by progressive stiffness and fusion of the spine, leading to decreased mobility and flexibility, especially in the lower back.

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A nurse is assigned to the following four clients with infections. The nurse realizes that which client has acquired a hospital-acquired infection?

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