A nurse is assisting in explaining the pathophysiology of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements by the nurse is accurate?

"Activation of the inflammatory cascade causes increased perfusion."

The major organ prone to injury during SIRS is the heart."

Spleen dysfunction causes blood clotting issues."

"A deregulated cytokine storm causes an inflammatory response."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Activation of the inflammatory cascade in SIRS typically leads to decreased perfusion and tissue damage due to widespread inflammation and capillary leakage.

B. SIRS can affect multiple organs, but it is particularly known for impacting the lungs and kidneys rather than the heart.

C. While SIRS can involve coagulation issues, these are not specifically due to spleen dysfunction but rather to the widespread inflammatory response.

D. SIRS is driven by a deregulated cytokine storm, which leads to an excessive and uncontrolled inflammatory response, potentially resulting in multiple organ failure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Excess medication that has been withdrawn from a vial should not be returned to the secure cabinet to avoid contamination and ensure safety.

B. It is standard practice to have a second nurse witness and document the disposal of excess medication, especially controlled substances like morphine, to ensure accurate accounting and compliance with regulations.

C. Saving excess medication for the next administration is not safe practice and could lead to medication errors or contamination.

D. Placing the excess medication in the sharps container is incorrect because liquid medications should not be disposed of in this manner; they should be properly wasted according to facility protocols.

A. No urge to void B. Numbness in legs C. Headache D. Hiccups

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. A lack of urge to void can be a temporary side effect of spinal anesthesia but is not necessarily a sign of a complication.

B. Numbness in the legs is an expected and temporary effect of spinal anesthesia and should resolve as the anesthesia wears off.

C. A headache, particularly a post-dural puncture headache, can be a complication of spinal anesthesia caused by a leak of cerebrospinal fluid at the puncture site.

D. Hiccups are generally unrelated to spinal anesthesia and are not a common complication.

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A nurse is assisting in explaining the pathophysiology of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) to a group of newly licensed nurses. Which of the following statements by the nurse is accurate?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse withdraws morphine 2 mg from a vial that contains 4 mg/mL to inject IM for a client. Which of the following actions should the nurse take for wasting the excess medication?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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