A nurse is assisting with teaching a client about the sleep-wake cycle. The nurse should include that which of the following factors can interfere with the sleep-wake cycle?

Drinking caffeinated beverages in the evening

Emotional stress

Bright light

A 20-minute nap during the day

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason : Drinking caffeinated beverages in the evening.Caffeine is a stimulant that can significantly disrupt the sleep-wake cycle. Consuming caffeinated beverages in the evening can lead to difficulty initiating sleep because caffeine blocks the action of adenosine, a chemical that promotes sleep. The effects of caffeine can last several hours, thus affecting the quality and duration of sleep.

Choice B reason : Emotional stress activates the body's stress response, causing the release of hormones like cortisol, which increases alertness and can delay the onset of sleep. Chronic stress can lead to a hyperarousal state, making it difficult to fall asleep and stay asleep.

Choice C reason : Bright light.Exposure to bright light, especially blue light from screens, can interfere with the production of melatonin, the hormone that signals the body to prepare for sleep. This can shift the circadian rhythm and disrupt the sleep-wake cycle, making it harder to fall asleep at the usual time.

Choice D reason : A short nap during the day, typically 20-30 minutes, can be beneficial and usually does not interfere with nighttime sleep. However, longer or later naps can make it more difficult to fall asleep at night.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason : Cultural bias does not typically result in an increased amount of time spent with each client. In fact, cultural bias can lead to unequal time allocation, where some clients may receive less attention due to preconceived notions or stereotypes.

Choice B reason : Improved data collection on clients.Cultural bias can negatively affect the quality of data collection on clients. It can lead to assumptions that overlook individual client needs and circumstances, resulting in incomplete or inaccurate health records.

Choice C reason : Increased disparities in health care.Cultural bias in health care can lead to increased disparities. It affects how healthcare providers perceive and interact with patients from different cultural backgrounds, potentially resulting in unequal treatment, misdiagnosis, and reduced access to care for certain groups.

Choice D reason : Improved therapeutic communication with clients.Cultural bias can impair therapeutic communication with clients. When healthcare providers harbor unconscious biases, it can hinder effective communication, leading to misunderstandings and a lack of trust.

A. Decrease in body fat B. Increase in muscle mass C. Increase in gag reflex D. Decrease in systolic blood pressure

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The correct answer is: a. Decrease in body fat

Choice A: Decrease in body fat

Older adults typically experience a decrease in lean body mass and an increase in body fat percentage. However, the absolute amount of body fat may decrease due to overall weight loss and muscle mass reduction.

Choice B: Increase in muscle mass

This statement is incorrect because muscle mass generally decreases with age due to sarcopenia, a condition characterized by the loss of muscle mass and strength.

Choice C: Increase in gag reflex

This statement is incorrect because the gag reflex often diminishes with age. Older adults may experience a reduced gag reflex due to decreased sensitivity and muscle tone.

Choice D: Decrease in systolic blood pressure

This statement is incorrect because systolic blood pressure usually increases with age due to arterial stiffness and other cardiovascular changes.

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A nurse is assisting with teaching a client about the sleep-wake cycle. The nurse should include that which of the following factors can interfere with the sleep-wake cycle?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about cultural bias in health care. The nurse should include that which of the following can occur as a result of cultural bias?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about expected physiological changes in older adult clients. Which of the following changes should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about the long-term effects of childhood obesity. The nurse should include which of the following conditions as a potential complication of childhood obesity?

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class on prenatal development. The nurse should instruct that advanced maternal age increases the risk for which of the following conditions?

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about motor skills that develop in the first year of life. The nurse should include that which of the following motor skills develops first?

A nurse is caring for an adolescent client who reports they are beginning to rebel against their caregivers and spend more time with their friends. The nurse should identify that the client is experiencing which of the following stages of Erikson's theory of psychosocial development?

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about vulnerable populations that are at risk for health disparities. The nurse should include that a client who lives in a crowded apartment building is at risk for which of the following conditions?

A nurse is caring for a client who states, "I am under a great deal of stress at work, but I am able to forget my work and concentrate on my family when I get home at night." The nurse should identify that the client is demonstrating which of the following defense mechanisms?

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class about physical manifestations associated with the fight-or-flight response to stress. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse include?

A nurse is caring for a client who is at the end of life. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to support the client's dignity?