A nurse is caring for a client admitted to the intensive care unit for a cardiac dysrhythmia. The nurse understands the prescribed calcium channel blocker has which of the following mechanisms of action?
Increases heart rate and increases myocardial contractility
Increase oxygen to the systemic circulation
Reduces the contractility and conductivity of the heart
Acts on the beta cells within the heart and lungs to regulate cardiac rhythm
The Correct Answer is C
A. Calcium channel blockers primarily decrease heart rate and contractility, not increase them.
B. While they can indirectly improve oxygen supply by reducing myocardial oxygen demand, they do not directly increase systemic oxygen.
C. This option accurately describes the mechanism of action of calcium channel blockers, which decrease heart contractility and conduction through the AV node, helping to manage dysrhythmias.
D. Calcium channel blockers do not act on beta cells; they specifically inhibit calcium influx into cardiac and vascular smooth muscle cells.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["B","D","E"]
Explanation
A. Hypokalemia is not typically associated with ACE inhibitors like quinapril; rather, hyperkalemia (increased potassium levels) is a concern.
B. First dose phenomenon refers to significant hypotension that can occur after the first dose of an ACE inhibitor and should be monitored.
C. Hepatotoxicity is not a common side effect of ACE inhibitors.
D. A dry non-productive cough is a common side effect of ACE inhibitors, including quinapril.
E. Orthostatic hypotension can occur with ACE inhibitors, especially after the initial dose, making patient education important.
Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"D"}
Explanation
aPTT (Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time) is the primary lab test used to monitor the effectiveness of unfractionated heparin therapy. Heparin works by activating antithrombin III, which inhibits thrombin and factor Xa, thus prolonging the aPTT. Monitoring aPTT helps ensure that the heparin dose is therapeutic and reduces the risk of bleeding.
PT-INR (Prothrombin Time - International Normalized Ratio) is used to monitor patients on warfarin therapy. Warfarin inhibits vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, which affects the prothrombin time (PT). The INR standardizes PT results, allowing for consistent monitoring of anticoagulation status. It is critical to maintain the INR within the therapeutic range to balance the risk of thrombosis against the risk of bleeding.
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