A nurse is caring for a client at the public health clinic.

Exhibits

The public health nurse understands that endoparasites are which of the following? Select all that apply.

A. Clients with HIV infection are encouraged to use condoms to protect sexual partners. This is an example of primary prevention, which aims to prevent disease transmission before it occurs.

B. Health care workers are required to have a tuberculosis skin test or chest X-ray. Secondary prevention involves early detection and screening to identify disease in its early stages before symptoms develop or to prevent progression. TB screening (skin tests or chest X-rays) allows for early identification and treatment, preventing further transmission and severe disease.

C. Health care workers are encouraged to receive annual vaccinations for influenza. This is also primary prevention because vaccinations help prevent initial infection.

D. Clients with HIV infection are given medications to improve immunological response. This represents tertiary prevention, which focuses on managing existing disease to prevent complications.

A. Reassure the student that it is just a bad cold and will soon pass: This dismisses the symptoms and delays necessary public health intervention.

B. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible measles exposure: Koplik spots (small white spots inside the cheeks) are a classic early sign of measles, which is highly contagious. Prompt notification is needed to prevent an outbreak.

C. Inform all students, staff, and faculty of a possible rubella epidemic: While rubella also causes a rash, it does not present with Koplik spots.

D. Tell the student to take two acetaminophen and drink lots of fluids: Symptomatic relief is important but does not address the risk of measles transmission.