A client was clearly very relieved when an HIV test came back negative. "Thank goodness. I've had sex several times without a condom, and when one of my friends said he was sick, I think I panicked." Which of the following would be most important to emphasize to the client immediately?
Abstinence is the only way to be certain you are HIV free.
The test would not cover any recent infection, so if the client has had recent unprotected sex, the test should be repeated in 3 months.
The test could be wrong and the client might still have an HIV infection.
Sex should be restricted to one partner.
The Correct Answer is B
A. Abstinence is the only way to be certain you are HIV free: While abstinence eliminates the risk, it is not the only preventive measure. Safer sex practices, such as condom use and PrEP (pre-exposure prophylaxis), can significantly reduce the risk of HIV.
B. The test would not cover any recent infection, so if the client has had recent unprotected sex, the test should be repeated in 3 months. HIV has a "window period" during which recent infections may not yet be detectable. Retesting in 3 months ensures accuracy and proper diagnosis.
C. The test could be wrong and the client might still have an HIV infection: Modern HIV tests are highly accurate, but recent infections may not be detected. Instead of causing unnecessary distress, the focus should be on retesting after the window period.
D. Sex should be restricted to one partner: Monogamy does not guarantee HIV prevention unless both partners are tested and remain faithful. The emphasis should be on safe sex practices.
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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. "Salmonella is a bacterial infection." Salmonella is a gram-negative bacterium that causes foodborne illness.
B. "Salmonella symptoms include headaches, abdominal pain, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, and fever." These are common symptoms of Salmonella infection, particularly gastroenteritis.
C. "Salmonella may be spread by spores that form once contaminated blood is exposed to the air." Salmonella is a bacterial infection that spreads primarily through contaminated food, water, or direct contact with infected animals. It does not form spores, and exposure to air does not play a role in its transmission.
D. "Salmonella has a 48-hour incubation period." While the incubation period can range from 6 to 72 hours, 48 hours falls within the expected time frame.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. A client receives a tetanus booster every 10 years: Primary prevention aims to prevent disease before it occurs. Vaccinations are a classic primary prevention measure.
B. A client with tetanus is given antibiotics and is placed on seizure precautions: This is tertiary prevention, as it focuses on managing an existing disease.
C. A client receives tetanus immunoglobulin after stepping on a nail: Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) is a secondary prevention strategy because it prevents disease progression after exposure.
D. A client is screened for a tetanus infection: Screening is secondary prevention, as it focuses on early detection, not prevention.
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