. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for the initial treatment of hypertension. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the action of this medication?

Hydrochlorothiazide prevents angiotensin II from binding with receptor sites.

Hydrochlorothiazide decreases the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal renal tubule.

Hydrochlorothiazide blocks stimulation of beta receptors in the sympathetic nervous system.

Hydrochlorothiazide promotes the movement of extravascular fluids into the vascular compartment.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Hydrochlorothiazide does not prevent angiotensin II from binding with receptor sites; this action is typically associated with ACE inhibitors or angiotensin receptor blockers.

B. Hydrochlorothiazide decreases the reabsorption of sodium and water in the distal renal tubule, which leads to increased urine output and decreased blood volume, effectively lowering blood pressure.

C. Hydrochlorothiazide does not block beta receptors; this is the mechanism of action for beta-blockers.

D. Hydrochlorothiazide does not promote the movement of extravascular fluids into the vascular compartment; instead, it reduces blood volume by promoting diuresis.

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Free Nursing Study Resources

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Increase calcium intake: Leuprolide can cause a decrease in bone density, increasing the risk of osteoporosis. Therefore, the nurse should advise the client to increase calcium and vitamin D intake to help maintain bone health.

B. Keep the solution cold for administration: Leuprolide should be stored at room temperature, not refrigerated, for subcutaneous administration.

C. This medication can cause low blood glucose levels: Leuprolide does not typically affect blood glucose levels. However, it can cause other endocrine-related side effects, such as hot flashes and reduced libido.

D. This medication can cause constipation: Constipation is not a common side effect of leuprolide. Instead, leuprolide is more likely to cause side effects such as hot flashes and loss of bone density.

A. "You will need to have frequent sputum tests to monitor the effectiveness of the medication." B. "You will be able to stop taking this medication after a month." C. "You can take an antacid containing aluminum at the same time as this medication." D. "You can expect to have constipation while taking this medication."

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Frequent sputum tests may be needed to monitor the effectiveness of isoniazid, particularly in assessing the resolution of tuberculosis infection.

B. Isoniazid is usually prescribed for a minimum of six months for tuberculosis treatment, not just a month. Thus, stopping after one month is incorrect.

C. Antacids containing aluminum should not be taken concurrently with isoniazid, as they can interfere with the absorption of the medication, reducing its effectiveness.

D. Constipation is not a common side effect of isoniazid. The more frequent side effects include peripheral neuropathy and liver toxicity, making this statement incorrect.

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. A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for hydrochlorothiazide for the initial treatment of hypertension. Which of the following should the nurse recognize as the action of this medication?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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