A nurse is caring for a client who has acute osteomyelitis.
Which of the following interventions is the nurse's priority?
Increase the client's protein intake.
Administer antibiotics to the client.
Teach relaxation breathing to reduce the client's pain.
Provide the client with antipyretic therapy.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
While increased protein intake is beneficial for tissue repair and overall healing, it is not the immediate priority in acute osteomyelitis. The primary concern is eradicating the bacterial infection, which causes systemic inflammation and bone destruction. Nutritional support is supportive therapy, not the initial life-saving intervention.
Choice B rationale
Acute osteomyelitis is a severe bone infection, often bacterial. Administering antibiotics directly targets the causative microorganisms, preventing further bone destruction, systemic sepsis, and potentially life-threatening complications. Prompt antimicrobial therapy is crucial for controlling the infection and preserving bone integrity, making it the highest priority intervention.
Choice C rationale
Pain management is important in osteomyelitis, but teaching relaxation breathing, while helpful for comfort, does not address the underlying pathology. The infection itself poses a greater immediate threat than the pain. Effective pain relief often follows successful treatment of the infection and reduction of inflammation.
Choice D rationale
Antipyretic therapy addresses fever, a symptom of infection, but does not treat the infection itself. While important for comfort and reducing metabolic demands, it is a supportive measure. The priority is to eliminate the bacterial pathogen causing the fever and bone destruction through targeted antibiotic therapy.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used for angina and does not directly interact with contrast media to cause acute kidney injury. Its primary mechanism involves nitric oxide release, leading to smooth muscle relaxation and improved blood flow, unrelated to renal clearance of contrast.
Choice B rationale
Carvedilol is a beta-blocker that primarily affects heart rate and blood pressure. It does not have a direct interaction with iodinated contrast material that specifically increases the risk of acute kidney injury; its metabolism and excretion pathways do not significantly involve competitive renal mechanisms.
Choice C rationale
Metformin, an oral hypoglycemic agent, interacts with iodinated contrast material. In the presence of acute kidney injury induced by the contrast, metformin can accumulate, leading to lactic acidosis. This risk is due to its renal excretion and interference with mitochondrial respiration.
Choice D rationale
Atorvastatin is a statin used for lipid lowering. It primarily undergoes hepatic metabolism and does not have a known significant interaction with iodinated contrast media that predisposes clients to acute kidney injury. Its mechanism of action is unrelated to renal elimination or nephrotoxicity with contrast.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While depression can co-occur with various headache types, it is not consistently identified as a direct or primary precipitating factor common to both tension-type and cluster headaches; rather, stress is a more widely recognized shared trigger.
Choice B rationale
Stress is a well-established precipitating factor for both tension-type headaches, where muscle tension is often exacerbated by stress, and cluster headaches, where stress can trigger attacks in susceptible individuals, demonstrating a shared neurobiological pathway.
Choice C rationale
Smoking is a strong precipitating factor specifically for cluster headaches, with a high prevalence among sufferers, but it is not a commonly cited or significant precipitating factor for the typical presentation of tension-type headaches.
Choice D rationale
Poor posture is frequently associated with and can contribute to the development of tension-type headaches due to increased muscle strain in the neck and shoulders, but it is not a recognized or common precipitating factor for cluster headaches.
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