A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic kidney disease (CKD) and states she has heartburn.

The provider prescribes aluminum hydroxide. The client asks, "Why can't I just take the antacid magaldrate my husband has at home?" The nurse explains to the client that aluminum hydroxide is the preferred antacid because it lowers which of the following?

Serum magnesium levels

Serum phosphorus levels

Serum potassium levels

Serum calcium levels

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Aluminum hydroxide can lead to increased serum magnesium levels, but this is not the reason for its preference in chronic kidney disease.
B.   Aluminum hydroxide is preferred because it binds to dietary phosphate, reducing serum phosphorus levels in patients with chronic kidney disease who are prone to hyperphosphatemia.
C.   Aluminum hydroxide does not significantly affect serum potassium levels.
D.   Aluminum hydroxide can lead to decreased serum calcium levels due to binding, but this is not the primary reason for its preference in chronic kidney disease.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Hypernatremia is usually due to an excess of sodium or a deficit of water, not directly related to prerenal causes.
B. Prerenal AKI is characterized by a decrease in renal blood flow, which leads to a reduction in glomerular filtration rate and a subsequent accumulation of waste products, including potassium. Hyperkalemia occurs because the kidneys are unable to excrete potassium effectively.
C. Hypercalcemia is not typically associated with AKI.
D. Hypophosphatemia is generally associated with malnutrition or malabsorption syndromes and is not a direct result of prerenal AKI.

A. Have the client place their head between their knees. B. Have the client breath into a paper bag. C. Plan to administer sodium bicarbonate to the client D. Plan to administer insulin to the client

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Having the client place their head between their knees is a measure used to alleviate symptoms associated with hyperventilation but does not directly address the underlying respiratory alkalosis.
B. Having the client breathe into a paper bag helps retain carbon dioxide, which can help reverse respiratory alkalosis by increasing PaCO2 levels and subsequently decreasing pH.
C. Administering sodium bicarbonate would worsen alkalosis by further increasing the pH and bicarbonate levels.
D. Administering insulin is not indicated for respiratory alkalosis and hyperventilation.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory test results from a client who has prerenal acute kidney injury (AKI). Which of the following electrolyte imbalances should the nurse expect?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has respiratory alkalosis and is hyperventilating Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is discussing laboratory values associated with the renal system with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following statements by the newly licensed nurse indicates an understanding of the values?

A nurse is teaching a client who has chronic kidney failure about planning a low-protein diet. The client states, "Why do I have to be concerned about protein?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A nurse is planning care for a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes insipidus. Which of the following interventions should the nurse include in the plan of care?

A nurse is talking to a client who is taking a calcium supplement for osteoporosis. The client tells the nurse she is experiencing flank pain. Which of the following adverse effects should the nurse suspect?

A nurse is caring for a client who has chronic renal disease and is receiving therapy with epoetin alfa. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse review for an indication of a therapeutic effect of the medication?

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has respiratory acidosis. Which of the following findings should the nurse expect?

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A nurse in a clinic is reviewing the laboratory values of a client who has primary hypothyroidism. Which of the following laboratory values should the nurse anticipate an elevation of?