A nurse is caring for a client who questions the need for cardiac rehabilitation, stating, “My heart is permanently damaged from the heart attack, so what’s the point of cardiac rehabilitation?” Which response should the nurse prioritize?

“It’s not unusual to feel that way at first, but once you learn the routine, you’ll enjoy it.”

“Diet and exercise are good for you and good for your heart.”

“Cardiac rehabilitation cannot undo the damage to your heart but it can help you get back to your previous level of activity safely.”

“Your doctor is the expert here, and I’m sure they would only recommend what is best for you.”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A reason:

“It’s not unusual to feel that way at first, but once you learn the routine, you’ll enjoy it.” While this response acknowledges the client’s feelings, it does not provide specific information about the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation. The client needs to understand how rehabilitation can help them recover and improve their quality of life.

Choice B reason:

“Diet and exercise are good for you and good for your heart.” This statement is true but too general. It does not address the client’s specific concerns about the purpose and benefits of cardiac rehabilitation. The client needs more detailed information about how the program can help them.

Choice C reason:

“Cardiac rehabilitation cannot undo the damage to your heart but it can help you get back to your previous level of activity safely.” This response directly addresses the client’s concerns and provides clear information about the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation. It explains that while the damage cannot be reversed, rehabilitation can help the client regain strength, improve cardiovascular health, and safely return to their daily activities.

Choice D reason:

“Your doctor is the expert here, and I’m sure they would only recommend what is best for you.” While this statement supports the doctor’s recommendation, it does not provide the client with specific information about the benefits of cardiac rehabilitation. The client needs to understand how the program can help them personally.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

The use of antibiotics to fight infections significantly improved health outcomes and reduced mortality rates from bacterial infections. However, antibiotics were not widely available until the mid-20th century. The dramatic increase in life expectancy began earlier, largely due to improvements in public health measures.

Choice B reason:

Sanitation and other public health activities were most responsible for the dramatic increase in life expectancy during the twentieth century. Improvements in sanitation, such as clean water supply, sewage treatment, and waste disposal, drastically reduced the incidence of infectious diseases. Public health initiatives, including vaccination programs and health education, also played a crucial role in preventing disease and promoting health.

Choice C reason:

Technology increases in the field of medical laboratory research have contributed to advancements in medical knowledge and treatment. While these technological advancements have improved diagnostic capabilities and treatment options, they were not the primary drivers of the initial increase in life expectancy during the early 20th century.

Choice D reason:

Advances in surgical techniques and procedures have significantly improved outcomes for many medical conditions. However, these advances primarily benefited individuals who had access to surgical care and did not have as widespread an impact on overall life expectancy as public health measures did.

A. Recommend the client engage in high-impact, vigorous exercises to improve muscle strength. B. Teach the client stress management techniques such as deep breathing and meditation. C. Advise the client to avoid social interactions to minimize stress. D. Encourage the client to void every hour.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A reason:

Recommending high-impact, vigorous exercises is not appropriate for clients with MS. These exercises can increase the risk of injury and exacerbate symptoms. Instead, low-impact exercises such as swimming, yoga, and stretching are more suitable for improving muscle strength and overall fitness without causing undue stress on the body.

Choice B reason:

Teaching the client stress management techniques such as deep breathing and meditation is an important intervention for managing MS. Stress can exacerbate MS symptoms, so learning effective stress management strategies can help the client maintain better control over their condition and improve their quality of life.

Choice C reason:

Advising the client to avoid social interactions to minimize stress is not a healthy recommendation. Social support is crucial for mental and emotional well-being. Instead of avoiding social interactions, the client should be encouraged to engage in supportive and positive social activities that do not cause stress.

Choice D reason:

Encouraging the client to void every hour is not a standard intervention for MS unless the client has specific bladder control issues. Bladder training and scheduled voiding may be recommended for clients with urinary symptoms, but this should be tailored to the individual’s needs and not applied universally.

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A nurse is caring for a client who questions the need for cardiac rehabilitation, stating, “My heart is permanently damaged from the heart attack, so what’s the point of cardiac rehabilitation?” Which response should the nurse prioritize?

Nursing Test Bank

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