A nurse is caring for a client who received prochlorperazine (Compazine) via intravenous push (IVP) 2 hours ago for nausea/vomiting PRN. The nurse noted that the client had a sudden onset of involuntary spasms of the face and neck along with anxiety. The nurse should anticipate a prescription for which of the following medications? (Select All That Apply.).

(Select All that Apply.)

Glucagon (Glucagen)

Metformin (Glucophage)

Benztropine (Cogentin)

Diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D

A. Glucagon (Glucagen): Glucagon is used to treat severe hypoglycemia and is not indicated for managing EPS or involuntary muscle spasms.

B. Metformin (Glucophage): Metformin is an oral hypoglycemic agent used to manage diabetes mellitus and is not relevant for treating EPS or involuntary muscle spasms.

C. Benztropine (Cogentin): Benztropine is an anticholinergic medication used to treat extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), such as involuntary muscle spasms, caused by antipsychotic medications like prochlorperazine2.

D. Diphenhydramine (Benadryl): Diphenhydramine is an antihistamine with anticholinergic properties that can also be used to manage EPS, including dystonic reactions2.

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Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A. Long-term use of omeprazole is associated with an increased risk of osteoporosis and fractures due to decreased calcium absorption caused by reduced stomach acid. This complication is significant in older adults, particularly with prolonged therapy.

B. Torsades de Pointes is not a common complication of omeprazole. QT prolongation is more often linked to medications like ondansetron or antiarrhythmics.

C. Nausea is not a typical complication of omeprazole; rather, it is a symptom the drug may help alleviate as part of managing gastrointestinal conditions.

D. Rebound acid hypersecretion can occur after discontinuation of omeprazole. The body may produce an excessive amount of acid to compensate for the previous suppression, leading to worsening symptoms if the medication is abruptly stopped.

A. Hypoglycemia B. Somnolence C. Fluid retention D. Hyperglycemia

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Metformin does not typically cause hypoglycemia because it works by decreasing hepatic glucose production and improving insulin sensitivity, not directly lowering blood sugar levels.

B. Somnolence could indicate lactic acidosis, a rare but serious adverse effect of metformin that warrants immediate medical attention.

C. Fluid retention is not a known adverse effect of metformin. Other medications, such as certain thiazolidinediones, are associated with this complication.

D. Hyperglycemia is not a typical adverse effect of metformin; instead, it helps manage blood glucose levels in clients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is ["A","D"]

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client with a new prescription for metformin (Glucophage). Which of the following findings should the nurse instruct the client to report as an adverse effect of metformin? (Select All That Apply.)

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A client is prescribed cimetidine 400 mg PO twice daily. It is available as an oral liquid of 100 mg per teaspoon. How many teaspoons should the client take per dose?

You are caring for a client with hypothyroidism that is taking levothyroxine (Synthroid). The client reports diarrhea, weight loss, palpitations, and heat intolerance. You suspect which of the following adverse effects of this drug?

A nurse is caring for a client who is prescribed aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel) and cimetidine (Tagamet HB). Which of the following statements from the client requires additional teaching?

A nurse is preparing to educate a patient who has newly been prescribed sucralfate (Carafate) for the management of peptic ulcer disease (PUD). What is the mechanism of action for this medication?

A nurse is caring for a client who has been prescribed prochlorperazine (Compazine) for postoperative nausea. Which of the following reported signs can indicate a potential complication of this medication?

A nurse is preparing to provide an in-service to the community about misoprostol (Cytotec). Which of the following statements should the nurse include in her teaching to the community?