A nurse is caring for a client who states he has a nevus that has increased in size and changed in color. On examination, the nurse notes an elevated two centimeter lesion that is dark brownish-black in color with irregular borders. The nurse should recognize that these findings are consistent with which of the following medical diagnoses?
Malignant melanoma
Basal cell carcinoma
Squamous cell carcinoma
Kaposi's sarcoma
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Malignant melanoma is a type of skin cancer that often presents as a mole that changes in size, color, and appearance. The description of the lesion being dark brownish-black with irregular borders is characteristic of malignant melanoma. This type of cancer can metastasize rapidly and requires prompt medical intervention for diagnosis and treatment.
Choice B reason: Basal cell carcinoma typically appears as a pearly or waxy bump, often with visible blood vessels. It is less likely to present as a dark, irregularly bordered lesion. Basal cell carcinoma is generally slow-growing and less likely to change rapidly in size and color compared to malignant melanoma.
Choice C reason: Squamous cell carcinoma often presents as a red, scaly, and thickened patch on the skin, sometimes with a crusted or ulcerated surface. While it can change in size, it does not typically appear as a dark, irregularly bordered lesion. Squamous cell carcinoma usually develops in areas of the skin exposed to the sun and has a different presentation compared to malignant melanoma.
Choice D reason: Kaposi's sarcoma presents as purplish, reddish-blue, or dark brown lesions that are often flat or slightly raised. These lesions are common in clients with AIDS but are usually smaller and less likely to have irregular borders compared to malignant melanoma. The description provided is more consistent with malignant melanoma than Kaposi's sarcoma.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Squamous cell carcinoma commonly occurs on sun-exposed areas such as the face, ears, neck, and hands, but not necessarily the trunk. It is important to emphasize the role of sun exposure in the development of this type of skin cancer.
Choice B reason: Radiation therapy is used in the treatment of certain types of skin cancer, but it is not typically the first choice for metastatic skin cancer. Other treatments, such as surgery, immunotherapy, or targeted therapy, are often preferred depending on the type and stage of skin cancer.
Choice C reason: The correct answer is c because sun exposure, especially during childhood, significantly increases the risk of developing skin cancer later in life. This highlights the importance of sun protection measures from an early age to prevent skin cancer.
Choice D reason: Basal cell carcinoma is the most common and least aggressive type of skin cancer. It rarely metastasizes and is usually slow-growing, making early detection and treatment highly effective.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A reason: Keeping a tongue stud in during surgery poses a risk of aspiration and is not allowed. All body piercings should be removed before surgery to ensure safety.
Choice B reason: Consuming clear liquids up to the time of surgery is not allowed. Clients are typically required to fast for a certain period before surgery to prevent aspiration during anesthesia.
Choice C reason: The correct answer is c because allowing the client to keep her hearing aids in helps facilitate communication until the last possible moment before surgery. This helps reduce anxiety and ensures the client understands preoperative instructions.
Choice D reason: Taking morning vitamins before surgery is not recommended, as clients are usually required to fast. Medications, including vitamins, should be reviewed and managed by the healthcare provider.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.