A nurse is monitoring a client who has just had a thoracentesis to remove pleural fluid. Which of the following clinical manifestations should indicate to the nurse the client is experiencing a complication and the provider should be notified immediately?

Choice A reason: Resting before meals helps reduce fatigue and ensures that the client has the energy to eat, which is important for maintaining nutrition in COPD patients.

Choice B reason: The correct answer is b because drinking plenty of beverages with meals can cause the client to feel full too quickly, reducing their intake of nutrient-dense foods. It is better to drink fluids between meals to ensure adequate nutrition.

Choice C reason: Eating five or six small meals each day helps prevent overeating and reduces the work of breathing, making it easier for COPD clients to maintain adequate nutrition without feeling overly full or short of breath.

Choice D reason: Increasing protein intake is important for COPD clients to maintain muscle mass and strength, which are crucial for respiratory function and overall health.

Choice A reason: Disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) is a condition characterized by both excessive clotting and excessive bleeding. The clotting cascade is inappropriately activated throughout the body, leading to the formation of numerous small blood clots in the blood vessels. These clots consume clotting factors and platelets, which can then lead to excessive bleeding. This paradoxical combination of thrombosis and bleeding is a hallmark of DIC.

Choice B reason: In DIC, platelet consumption exceeds production. The formation of numerous clots uses up platelets faster than they can be produced, which can result in thrombocytopenia and bleeding. Therefore, a progressive increase in platelet production is not an expected finding in DIC.

Choice C reason: Immediate sodium and fluid retention is not a feature of DIC. This condition primarily involves the clotting and bleeding mechanisms, not fluid balance or sodium levels.

Choice D reason: In DIC, clotting factors are consumed in the formation of numerous clots. This leads to a deficiency of clotting factors, contributing to the bleeding tendency seen in this condition. Increased clotting factors would not be expected in a patient with DIC.