A nurse is caring for a client.

Exhibits

Complete the following sentence by using the lists of options.

The client is at highest risk for developing

, evidenced by the client's

Given the client's symptoms (productive cough, blood-tinged sputum, fatigue, night sweats, low-grade fever, weight loss, and recent travel to South Africa), there is a suspicion of tuberculosis (TB). The Mantoux test (a skin test for TB) and a chest X-ray are appropriate diagnostic tools to evaluate for TB.

A. a nasopharyngeal swab: This test is used to detect respiratory infections, but the client's symptoms and history do not specifically indicate the need for this test.

B. A pulmonary function test: While this test assesses lung function, it may not be the initial choice for evaluating the presented symptoms and history.
C. A chest x-ray
Rationale: Given the client's symptoms of cough, fatigue, night sweats, low-grade fever, and blood-tinged sputum, a chest x-ray is indicated to assess the condition of the lungs and potential underlying respiratory issues.
D. blood cultures
Rationale: The client's symptoms, including fever, could indicate an underlying infection. Blood cultures are used to identify potential bacterial or fungal infections in the bloodstream, but this is not likely for this patient
E. a Mantoux test
Rationale: The client's recent travel history, cough, and weight loss may prompt consideration of a tuberculosis (TB) infection. A Mantoux test is a common initial screening tool for TB exposure.

A. Incorrect. While expressing empathy is important, the nurse should also provide practical information and support.
B. Incorrect. Delaying the discussion may leave the client feeling unheard and anxious about their upcoming chemotherapy.
C. Correct. This response acknowledges the client's concerns and provides a proactive solution to address the potential issue of hair loss. Offering information about head covering options demonstrates the nurse's support and willingness to help the client manage the physical and emotional impact of chemotherapy.
D. Incorrect. Dismissing the client's concern may contribute to their anxiety and apprehension about the chemotherapy process. It's important to address all aspects of the client's experience, including potential side effects like hair loss.