A nurse is caring for a full-term newborn diagnosed with persistent/patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The newborn's caregiver asks the nurse, "What causes a PDA?" How will the nurse answer this question?

This cardiac defect is due to a folic acid deficiency in your diet when you were pregnant.

PDAs are more commonly seen in male newborns.

There is a 25% chance your next baby will also have a PDA.

A risk factor for having a newborn who has a PDA is a family history of heart defects.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Choice A reason: A folic acid deficiency in the mother's diet during pregnancy is typically associated with neural tube defects, such as spina bifida, rather than causing patent ductus arteriosus (PDA).

Choice B reason: PDAs are not specifically more common in male newborns. This statement does not accurately reflect the risk factors associated with PDA.

Choice C reason: The statement about a 25% chance of having another baby with PDA is not accurate. While having one child with a heart defect may slightly increase the risk for subsequent children, the exact risk percentage varies and is not typically as high as 25%.

Choice D reason: A family history of heart defects is a known risk factor for PDA. Genetic predisposition can play a role in the occurrence of congenital heart defects, making this the correct answer.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A reason: Haemophilia patients often require Factor VIII replacement therapy before procedures such as dental cleanings to prevent bleeding. The statement that the child does not need Factor VIII before a dental cleaning indicates a misunderstanding of the need for prophylactic treatment.

Choice B reason: Aspirin is contraindicated for children with haemophilia as it can inhibit platelet function and increase the risk of bleeding. The statement that it is okay to use aspirin reflects a lack of understanding of the appropriate pain management for haemophilia.

Choice C reason: While it is important for children with haemophilia to stay active, certain high-impact or contact sports may increase the risk of bleeding and should be avoided. The statement that there are no limitations on the type of activities indicates a lack of awareness about the need to choose safe activities.

Choice D reason: Swimming is a low-impact activity that is generally safe and beneficial for children with haemophilia. It promotes cardiovascular fitness and muscle strength without putting undue stress on the joints or increasing the risk of bleeding. This statement demonstrates an understanding of appropriate activity choices for a child with haemophilia.

A. Provide patients with information regarding postpartum depression. B. Encourage patients to focus on positive aspects of pregnancy and birth. C. Consult with the patient's spiritual advisor. D. Avoid assessing for suicidal thoughts to not upset the patient.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Providing patients with information regarding postpartum depression is crucial. Educating patients about the signs, symptoms, and treatment options for postpartum depression helps raise awareness and encourages early detection and intervention. Knowledge empowers patients and their families to seek help if needed.

Choice B reason: Encouraging patients to focus on positive aspects of pregnancy and birth is generally beneficial for emotional well-being, but it is not a specific strategy for addressing postpartum depression. Focusing solely on positive aspects may inadvertently dismiss the real and serious concerns of those experiencing postpartum depression.

Choice C reason: Consulting with the patient's spiritual advisor can be supportive, but it is not a primary strategy for addressing postpartum depression. While spiritual support can be a valuable component of holistic care, it should complement, not replace, medical and psychological interventions.

Choice D reason: Avoiding the assessment of suicidal thoughts to not upset the patient is dangerous and counterproductive. It is essential to assess for suicidal ideation in patients with postpartum depression to ensure their safety and provide appropriate interventions. Open and compassionate discussions about mental health are critical in addressing postpartum depression effectively.

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A nurse is caring for a full-term newborn diagnosed with persistent/patent ductus arteriosus (PDA). The newborn's caregiver asks the nurse, "What causes a PDA?" How will the nurse answer this question?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse is providing education to the parent of an 8-year-old with haemophilia about ways to decrease the risk of a bleeding event. Which statement by the parent demonstrates that teaching was effective?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is teaching the student nurse about postpartum depression. Which strategy will the nurse include in the teaching?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a patient in the second stage of Labor. Which statement by the nurse is appropriate?

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