A nurse is caring for a newborn who has jaundice and is receiving phototherapy.

Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

Increase fluid intake by 25% to prevent dehydration

Cover the newborn’s eyes with a mask or shield

Apply lotion or oil to the newborn’s skin to prevent drying

Turn off the phototherapy lights during feedings

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Cover the newborn’s eyes with a mask or shield. This is because phototherapy can cause eye damage and the mask or shield protects the newborn’s eyes from the light.

Some additional explanations are:

• Choice A is wrong because increasing fluid intake by 25% to prevent dehydration is not necessary for a newborn receiving phototherapy. The newborn should be fed on demand or according to a regular schedule and monitored for signs of dehydration such as poor skin turgor, dry mucous membranes, sunken fontanels, and decreased urine output.

• Choice C is wrong because applying lotion or oil to the newborn’s skin to prevent drying is not recommended for a newborn receiving phototherapy. Lotion or oil can increase the absorption of light and cause skin burns.

• Choice D is wrong because turning off the phototherapy lights during feedings is not advised for a newborn receiving phototherapy. The lights should be on continuously to maximize the effectiveness of the treatment and reduce the duration of exposure.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Honey should be limited or avoided to prevent dental caries in infants.

Honey is a type of sugar that can feed the bacteria that cause cavities, especially if it is left on the teeth for a long time.Honey can also contain spores of a bacterium that can cause botulism, a serious illness, in infants.

Choice B is wrong because cheese is not a risk factor for dental caries in infants.Cheese can actually help prevent cavities by stimulating saliva production and neutralizing acids in the mouth.

Choice C is wrong because avocado is not a risk factor for dental caries in infants.Avocado is a healthy fat that does not contain sugars that can feed cavity-causing bacteria.

Choice D is wrong because green leafy vegetables are not a risk factor for dental caries in infants.Green leafy vegetables are rich in vitamins and minerals that can support oral health and general health.

A. Mix the medication with a small amount of formula in a bottle B. Use an oral syringe to squirt the medication into the side of the mouth C. Place the medication on a pacifier and let the infant suck on it D. Dip a cotton swab in the medication and rub it on the gums

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Use an oral syringe to squirt the medication into the side of the mouth.

This is because an oral syringe allows the nurse to measure the exact dose of the medication and deliver it slowly and safely into the infant’s mouth, avoiding choking or aspiration.

The other choices are wrong for the following reasons:

• Choice A) Mixing the medication with formula in a bottle can alter the taste and effectiveness of the medication, and also make it difficult to ensure that the infant receives the full dose.

• Choice C) Placing the medication on a pacifier can cause the infant to spit out the pacifier or the medication, and also increase the risk of infection from contaminated pacifiers.

• Choice D) Dipping a cotton swab in the medication and rubbing it on the gums can irritate the oral mucosa and cause pain or bleeding, and also waste some of the medication on the swab.

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A nurse is caring for a newborn who has jaundice and is receiving phototherapy. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?

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A nurse is caring for a newborn who has jaundice and is receiving phototherapy.

Which of the following actions should the nurse take?