A nurse is referring a mother and her infant to specialized care for severe diseases or complications related to nutrition and feeding.
Which of the following conditions would warrant such a referral?
Phenylketonuria (PKU) in the infant.
Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the mother.
Cleft lip or palate in the infant.
Any of the above.
The Correct Answer is D
All of these conditions would warrant a referral to specialized care for severe diseases or complications related to nutrition and feeding.
Choice A is wrong because phenylketonuria (PKU) in the infant is a genetic disorder that causes an amino acid called phenylalanine to build up in the body. This can lead to intellectual disability, seizures, and other neurological problems if not treated with a special diet that limits phenylalanine.
Choice B is wrong because gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) in the mother is a condition where the mother has high blood sugar levels during pregnancy. This can increase the risk of complications for both the mother and the baby, such as preeclampsia, macrosomia, birth injuries, and neonatal hypoglycemia.
Choice C is wrong because cleft lip or palate in the infant is a birth defect where the upper lip or roof of the mouth does not form properly. This can affect the infant’s ability to feed, speak, and breathe, and may require surgery and other interventions.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Iron is essential for brain development.Iron helps red blood cells carry oxygen through the body and supports a child’s ability to learn.Iron deficiency can cause anemia, which is when there are not enough red blood cells in the body or the child’s ability to carry oxygen throughout the body is lowered.
Choice B is wrong because iron does not prevent constipation in infants.In fact, iron-fortified formula may cause constipation in some infants.
Choice C is wrong because iron does not enhance immune system function.Iron is important for hemoglobin production, but it does not directly affect the immune system.
Choice D is wrong because iron does not improve skin color and tone.Iron deficiency can cause pale skin, but iron supplementation does not change the natural color or tone of the skin.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Breastfeeding provides optimal nutrition and immunological protection for infants.This is because breastmilk contains all the energy and nutrients that the infant needs for the first six months of life, and it also contains antibodies that help protect against many common childhood illnesses.
Choice A is wrong because breastfeeding reduces the risk of infections, allergies, and chronic diseases in infants and children, but this is not the only benefit of breastfeeding.Breastfeeding also has benefits for mothers, such as reducing the risk of breast and ovarian cancers.
Choice B is wrong because breastfeeding enhances maternal-infant bonding and attachment, but this is not the only benefit of breastfeeding.Breastfeeding also has benefits for the environment, such as reducing waste and greenhouse gas emissions.
Choice C is wrong because breastfeeding helps mothers lose weight and prevent postpartum hemorrhage, but this is not the only benefit of breastfeeding.Breastfeeding also has benefits for society, such as reducing health care costs and improving productivity.
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