A nurse is caring for a patient who has respiratory alkalosis and hyperventilating. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?

Administer sodium bicarbonate to the patient.

Provide a paper bag for the patient to breathe into.

Monitor the patient's head being between their knees.

Administer acetazolamide to the patient.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Administering sodium bicarbonate is not indicated for respiratory alkalosis as it is an alkalinizing agent and could worsen the condition.

Choice B reason: Breathing into a paper bag can help to rebreathe CO2, which can help correct the pH in cases of hyperventilation-induced respiratory alkalosis.

Choice C reason: Having the patient's head between their knees is not a standard intervention for respiratory alkalosis and could be uncomfortable or unsafe for the patient.

Choice D reason: Acetazolamide is a diuretic that can cause metabolic acidosis to compensate for respiratory alkalosis, but it is not typically used for acute management of hyperventilation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Diarrhea can lead to metabolic acidosis due to the loss of bicarbonate, which is a base, leading to a relative increase in acidity.

Choice B reason: Salicylate intoxication can initially cause respiratory alkalosis due to hyperventilation, but may later lead to metabolic acidosis as the body compensates.

Choice C reason: Vomiting typically leads to a loss of gastric acid, which would cause metabolic alkalosis, not acidosis.

Choice D reason: Hyperventilation is more commonly associated with respiratory alkalosis due to the excessive loss of CO2, which is an acid, not metabolic acidosis.

A. Trousseau's sign B. Carpopedal spasm C. Chvostek's sign D. Korsakoﬀ's psychosis

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Choice A reason: Trousseau's sign is indicative of hypocalcemia and is elicited by inﬂating a blood pressure cuﬀ on the arm.

Choice B reason: Carpopedal spasm is a muscular spasm involving the hands and feet that can occur with hypocalcemia.

Choice C reason: Chvostek's sign is a facial twitching that occurs when tapping on the facial nerve in front of the ear, which can be a sign of hypocalcemia.

Choice D reason: Korsakoﬀ's psychosis is associated with chronic alcoholism and thiamine deficiency, not directly with hypocalcemia.

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A nurse is caring for a patient who has respiratory alkalosis and hyperventilating. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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