A nurse is caring for a patient who has respiratory alkalosis and hyperventilating. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?

Administer sodium bicarbonate to the patient.

Provide a paper bag for the patient to breathe into.

Monitor the patient's head being between their knees.

Administer acetazolamide to the patient.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

Choice A reason: Administering sodium bicarbonate is not indicated for respiratory alkalosis as it is an alkalinizing agent and could worsen the condition.

Choice B reason: Breathing into a paper bag can help to rebreathe CO2, which can help correct the pH in cases of hyperventilation-induced respiratory alkalosis.

Choice C reason: Having the patient's head between their knees is not a standard intervention for respiratory alkalosis and could be uncomfortable or unsafe for the patient.

Choice D reason: Acetazolamide is a diuretic that can cause metabolic acidosis to compensate for respiratory alkalosis, but it is not typically used for acute management of hyperventilation.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A reason: Obstructive sleep apnea can increase the risk of postoperative complications due to potential breathing problems and the eﬀects of anesthesia.

Choice B reason: A glucose level of 75 mg/dL is within the normal fasting range (70-99 mg/dL) and does not typically place a patient at increased risk for postoperative complications.

Choice C reason: A BMI of 24 falls within the normal weight range (18.5-24.9) and is not considered a risk factor for postoperative complications.

Choice D reason: While increased anxiety can aﬀect a patient's experience, it is not a direct risk factor for postoperative complications like obstructive sleep apnea is.

A. Cisapride B. Magnesium-containing antacids C. Opioid analgesics D. Statins E. Anticholinergic/antispasmodic

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A reason: Cisapride is a prokinetic agent that increases gastrointestinal motility and is unlikely to cause constipation.

Choice B reason: Magnesium-containing antacids typically cause diarrhea rather than constipation.

Choice C reason: Opioid analgesics are known to slow gastrointestinal motility, which can lead to constipation, making this the correct answer.

Choice D reason: Statins are used to lower cholesterol and are not commonly associated with causing constipation.

Choice E reason: Anticholinergic/antispasmodic medications can cause constipation due to their action on the nervous system, which reduces muscle contractions in the gastrointestinal tract.

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A nurse is caring for a patient who has respiratory alkalosis and hyperventilating. Which of the following interventions should the nurse implement?

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