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A nurse is caring for a patient who is using an intrauterine device (IUD) for contraception.

Which of the following symptoms is a potential adverse effect of the copper IUD?

A.

Decreased bone density

B.

Spotting and irregular bleeding

C.

Mood changes

D.

Headaches

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

The correct answer is choice B. Spotting and irregular bleeding are potential adverse effects of the copper IUD. The copper IUD works by creating a toxic environment for sperm and eggs in the uterus and cervix, but it does not affect the hormones that regulate the menstrual cycle. Therefore, it can cause changes in bleeding patterns, such as heavier, longer or more painful periods.

Choice A is wrong because decreased bone density is not a side effect of the copper IUD. It is a possible side effect of hormonal IUDs that contain progestin, which can lower estrogen levels and affect bone health.

Choice C is wrong because mood changes are not a side effect of the copper IUD. They are more likely to occur with hormonal methods of birth control that affect the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body.

Choice D is wrong because headaches are not a side effect of the copper IUD. They are also more common with hormonal methods of birth control, especially those that contain estrogen.


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Related Questions

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

The correct answer is choice C. Copper intrauterine device.This is because copper intrauterine devices do not contain hormones and are therefore safe for women with a history of breast cancer and cardiovascular disease.

Some possible explanations for the other choices are:

  • Choice A. Injectable progestins.This is wrong because injectable progestins may increase the risk of breast cancer in women with the BRCA1 geneand may also worsen hypertension and dyslipidemia.
  • Choice B. Contraceptive vaginal ring.This is wrong because contraceptive vaginal rings contain estrogen and progestin, which may increase the risk of thromboembolic events, stroke, and myocardial infarction in women with cardiovascular disease.
  • Choice D. Combined oral contraceptives.This is wrong because combined oral contraceptives also contain estrogen and progestin, which have the same risks as contraceptive vaginal rings for women with cardiovascular disease.Additionally, combined oral contraceptives may interact with some medications used to treat chronic conditions and reduce their effectiveness.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The correct answer is choice D. Choice D is wrong because it implies that the IUD affects fertility, which is not true.According to the NHS website, “Your fertility will return to normal as soon as the IUD is taken out.” The other choices are correct because:

  • Choice A is correct because the copper IUD does not contain any hormones and can be used by people who cannot or do not want to use hormonal methods of contraception.
  • Choice B is correct because a pregnancy test is needed before inserting an IUD to make sure that the person is not already pregnant.
  • Choice C is correct because the hormonal IUD can reduce menstrual pain and heavy bleeding by thinning the lining of the uterus and thickening the cervical mucus.

Therefore, choice D indicates a need for further teaching.

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