A nurse is caring for an older adult who lives in a long-term care facility on the Alzheimer unit. Every evening around 5:00 p.m., the resident becomes increasingly agitated and more confused, a state that lasts throughout the evening. The nurse recognizes this behaviour as:

personality disorder.

dementia.

delirium.

sundowning syndrome.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Personality disorder. Personality disorders are long-term patterns of behaviour and inner experiences that deviate significantly from the expectations of the individual's culture. The described behaviour is a specific pattern related to the time of day, not indicative of a personality disorder.
B. Dementia. While dementia is the underlying condition, the specific worsening of symptoms in the evening is known as sundowning syndrome. Dementia alone does not specify the time-related pattern of increased confusion and agitation.
C. Delirium. Delirium is an acute, often sudden change in cognition and attention, usually caused by an underlying medical condition or substance use. The described behavior follows a regular daily pattern, indicating a different issue.
D. Sundowning syndrome. Sundowning syndrome refers to increased confusion and agitation in the late afternoon and evening, commonly seen in individuals with Alzheimer's disease or other forms of dementia.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Transport victim to hospital: While transport to the hospital is necessary, it is not the immediate priority when the victim is still on fire.

B. Stop, drop, and roll: The first action for someone whose clothing is on fire is to stop, drop, and roll to extinguish the flames and prevent further burns.

C. Cover victim with clean cloth or sheet: Covering with a clean cloth is important after the flames have been extinguished but not the first step when the victim is still burning.

D. Remove all nonadherent clothing and jewelry: Removing clothing and jewelry should be done after the flames are extinguished and initial care has been administered.

A. Speak rapidly B. Raise the tone of the voice C. Speak very loudly D. Lower the tone of the voice

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Speak rapidly can make it harder for someone with hearing difficulties to understand.
B. Raise the tone of the voice can make it harder for older adults to hear, as higher frequencies are typically more difficult for them to hear.
C. Speak very loudly can sometimes distort sound and is not always helpful.
D. Lower the tone of the voice makes it easier for older adults to hear, as they often have difficulty hearing higher frequencies.

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A nurse is caring for an older adult who lives in a long-term care facility on the Alzheimer unit. Every evening around 5:00 p.m., the resident becomes increasingly agitated and more confused, a state that lasts throughout the evening. The nurse recognizes this behaviour as:

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

The nurse arrives to the scene of a house fire. A victim is running out of the house, with flames on the arms. Which is the nurse's first action?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

When communicating with an older adult patient who has difficulty hearing, how should the nurse change her speech?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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