A nurse is collecting data from a client who has a calcium level of 8 mg/dL. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect?

a. Postictal phase: The postictal phase refers to the period following a seizure during which the individual may be drowsy, confused, or sleepy. This phase can last varying amounts of time.

b. Presence of absence seizures: Absence seizures are characterized by brief episodes of staring and altered consciousness but do not typically have a postictal phase with prolonged sleepiness.

c. Aura phase: The aura phase occurs before a seizure and involves sensory or perceptual changes that serve as a warning sign. It does not describe the postictal state.

d. Presence of automatisms: Automatisms are repetitive, non-purposeful movements that can occur during certain types of seizures but do not describe the postictal state of sleepiness.

a. Instruct the client to place his chin to his chest and swallow: This technique helps facilitate the passage of the nasogastric tube through the pharynx and into the esophagus.

b. Withdraw the tube if the client gags during insertion: Gagging is a normal response, and

withdrawing the tube may lead to repeated attempts and discomfort for the client. Encouraging the client to swallow can help overcome the gag reflex.

c. Place the client in a supine position: The client is usually positioned in a semi-Fowler's position or upright to ease tube insertion and minimize the risk of aspiration.

d. Measure the tube for insertion from the tip of the nose to the umbilicus: The proper

measurement for nasogastric tube insertion is typically from the tip of the nose to the earlobe and then down to the xiphoid process, not the umbilicus.