A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus.
The nurse should ask which of the following to determine the client's ability to provide foot self-hygiene?

Do you have any problems taking care of your feet?

Do you go barefoot at home?

Have you noticed any problems with foot swelling?

Have you had a problem with ingrown toenails?

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale

Asking if there are any problems taking care of feet directly assesses the client’s ability to perform foot self-hygiene. It opens up discussion about specific difficulties the client may face, such as flexibility, vision, or dexterity issues.

Choice B rationale

Asking if the client goes barefoot at home is related to foot safety but does not directly assess their ability to perform foot self-hygiene. It's important for preventing injuries and infections, especially in clients with diabetes.

Choice C rationale

Inquiring about foot swelling helps identify potential complications related to diabetes but does not address the client's ability to perform foot self-care.

Choice D rationale

Asking about problems with ingrown toenails is specific to a common issue in diabetic foot care but does not provide a comprehensive assessment of the client’s ability to maintain foot hygiene.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Orthostatic hypotension is characterized by a sudden drop in blood pressure when standing up, often due to dehydration, medication side effects, or autonomic dysfunction. While concerning, it is not a direct risk factor for cardiovascular disease.

Choice B rationale

A BMI of 24 is within the normal range (18.5–24.9) and is not considered a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Maintaining a healthy BMI is part of cardiovascular disease prevention.

Choice C rationale

Type 1 diabetes mellitus significantly increases the risk of cardiovascular disease due to its impact on blood vessels and the heart. It is a well-documented risk factor requiring careful management.

Choice D rationale

A family history of osteoporosis is relevant for bone health but does not directly increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Cardiovascular risk factors are more closely related to metabolic and lifestyle factors.

A. Place a thick layer of stool on the specimen card. B. Urinate prior to collecting the stool specimen. C. Discontinue supplements containing vitamin C 24 hours before the test. D. Refrain from consuming pork 7 days before the test.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale

Placing a thick layer of stool on the specimen card is incorrect. For fecal occult blood testing, a thin smear of stool is needed to accurately detect any hidden blood. A thick layer can obscure the test results and lead to false negatives.

Choice B rationale

Urinating prior to collecting the stool specimen is essential to prevent contamination. Urine can dilute the stool sample, potentially affecting the accuracy of the fecal occult blood test results.

Choice C rationale

Discontinuing supplements containing vitamin C 24 hours before the test is crucial. Vitamin C can interfere with the chemical reaction in fecal occult blood tests, leading to false-negative results by reducing the detectable levels of hemoglobin.

Choice D rationale

Refraining from consuming pork 7 days before the test is important because certain foods, including red meat like pork, can contain animal hemoglobin, potentially causing false-positive results in fecal occult blood tests.

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus.The nurse should ask which of the following to determine the client's ability to provide foot self-hygiene?

Nursing Test Bank

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A nurse is collecting data from a client who has diabetes mellitus.
The nurse should ask which of the following to determine the client's ability to provide foot self-hygiene?