A nurse is conducting a physical examination of the musculoskeletal system of a client who reports having joint pain. Which signs indicate there is inflammation in the joints? Select all that apply.

subcutaneous nodules

crepitus

warmth

swelling

redness

tenderness

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E,F

A.   Subcutaneous nodules are lumps or masses that can occur beneath the skin, sometimes seen in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
B.   Crepitus refers to a crackling or popping sound heard or felt during joint movement. It is often associated with osteoarthritis or other joint conditions.
C.   Warmth or increased temperature over the joint area is a common sign of inflammation. It occurs because inflammation increases blood flow to the affected area.
D.   Swelling, or edema, is the accumulation of fluid in the joint space or surrounding tissues. It is a clear sign of inflammation and can be due to increased fluid production or leakage from blood vessels.
E.   Redness, or erythema, around the joint is a result of increased blood flow to the area due to inflammation. It is often accompanied by warmth.
F.   Tenderness refers to pain or discomfort in the joint area when touched or palpated. It indicates an inflammatory process in the joint.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Expressive aphasia (also known as Broca’s aphasia) is a condition where the individual has difficulty producing speech or writing, despite having relatively intact comprehension and awareness of their

communication difficulties. This condition often results from damage to Broca’s area in the left frontal lobe of the brain
B. Aphonia refers to the loss of voice or the inability to produce vocal sounds. It is typically associated with a physical issue affecting the vocal cords or larynx, such as vocal cord paralysis or severe laryngitis. Aphonia does not necessarily affect comprehension or the ability to understand speech, but rather the ability to produce sound.
C. Receptive aphasia (also known as Wernicke’s aphasia) is characterized by difficulty understanding or processing language, despite fluent speech production. Individuals with receptive aphasia often speak in long sentences that lack meaning or include incorrect or nonsensical words, and they have impaired comprehension
D. Dysphonia refers to difficulty in producing speech due to issues with the voice, such as hoarseness or discomfort, often related to vocal cord problems. While it affects the quality of the voice, it does not necessarily impact the ability to understand language or produce speech in a meaningful way. Dysphonia is not the correct choice for the scenario described.

A. Verbal respond B. Motor respond C. Pupillary responds D. Gag Reflex E. Eye Opening

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

A. The verbal response is one of the three components of the Glasgow Coma Scale. It assesses the patient's ability to speak and respond appropriately to questions, indicating their level of consciousness. Responses are scored based on clarity, coherence, and relevance.
B. Motor response is another component of the Glasgow Coma Scale. It evaluates the patient’s ability to move in response to stimuli, including purposeful movements, localizing pain, or abnormal posturing. The motor response helps gauge the patient’s level of consciousness and neurological function.
C. Pupillary response refers to how the pupils react to light and changes in size. While important in neurological assessments, it is not one of the three components of the Glasgow Coma Scale. Pupillary response is assessed separately from the GCS but provides additional information about brain function and potential injury.
D. The gag reflex is a protective mechanism to prevent choking and is assessed by stimulating the back of the throat. It is not included in the Glasgow Coma Scale. The GCS focuses on eye opening, verbal response, and motor response rather than reflexes.
E. Eye opening is the third component of the Glasgow Coma Scale. It assesses the patient’s ability to open their eyes spontaneously or in response to stimuli. This component helps determine the level of consciousness and alertness.

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A nurse is conducting a physical examination of the musculoskeletal system of a client who reports having joint pain. Which signs indicate there is inflammation in the joints? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is conducting a health history with a client who has recently had a stroke. The nurse notes the client is unable to speak, although his comprehension/ understanding is intact. Which disorder of speech is the nurse observing in this client?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Which are the 3 areas included in the Glasgow Coma Scale to assess levels of consciousness? Select all that Apply.

Correct Answer is ["A","B"]

Explanation

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