A nurse is conducting a physical examination of the musculoskeletal system of a client who reports having joint pain. Which signs indicate there is inflammation in the joints? Select all that apply.

subcutaneous nodules

crepitus

warmth

swelling

redness

tenderness

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : C,D,E,F

A.   Subcutaneous nodules are lumps or masses that can occur beneath the skin, sometimes seen in conditions like rheumatoid arthritis.
B.   Crepitus refers to a crackling or popping sound heard or felt during joint movement. It is often associated with osteoarthritis or other joint conditions.
C.   Warmth or increased temperature over the joint area is a common sign of inflammation. It occurs because inflammation increases blood flow to the affected area.
D.   Swelling, or edema, is the accumulation of fluid in the joint space or surrounding tissues. It is a clear sign of inflammation and can be due to increased fluid production or leakage from blood vessels.
E.   Redness, or erythema, around the joint is a result of increased blood flow to the area due to inflammation. It is often accompanied by warmth.
F.   Tenderness refers to pain or discomfort in the joint area when touched or palpated. It indicates an inflammatory process in the joint.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. The trigeminal nerve (CN V) is primarily responsible for sensory information from the face and motor control of the muscles of mastication (chewing). It does not carry taste sensations. Instead, it is involved in sensation (e.g., touch, pain, temperature) of the face and mouth, but not taste.
B. The vagus nerve (CN X) has various functions, including parasympathetic control of the heart, lungs, and digestive tract, and sensory and motor functions in the throat and voice box. It does contribute to taste sensation in the region of the pharynx and the epiglottis, but it is not primarily responsible for the taste sensation on the posterior third of the tongue.
C. The glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX) is responsible for taste sensation on the posterior one-third of the tongue. It also contributes to the sensory innervation of the pharynx and helps in the regulation of saliva production. This nerve is specifically involved in the taste perception in the back third of the tongue.
D. The facial nerve (CN VII) provides taste sensation to the anterior two-thirds of the tongue. It also controls the muscles of facial expression and contributes to the production of saliva and tears. The facial nerve does not provide taste sensation to the posterior third of the tongue.

A. Kernig sign B. Arm Weakness C. Sudden confusion or trouble understanding D. Face Drooping E. negative Babinski reflex F. Speech Difficulty

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

A. The Kernig sign is a clinical test used to diagnose meningitis, not stroke. It involves flexing the patient’s hip and knee and then attempting to extend the knee while the hip is flexed. Pain or resistance during this maneuver can suggest meningeal irritation.
B. Arm weakness refers to the loss of strength or control in one or both arms, which can be a sign of a stroke. It may be noticeable when a person is unable to lift their arm or keep it raised.
C. Sudden confusion, trouble understanding, or difficulty speaking can be signs of a stroke. This may involve problems with language or comprehension, which are related to the areas of the brain responsible for these functions.
D. Face drooping, especially on one side of the face, is a classic sign of stroke. It occurs when the muscles on one side of the face weaken or become paralyzed.
E. The Babinski reflex is a test where the sole of the foot is stroked, and the normal response in adults is the downward flexion of the toes. An abnormal Babinski reflex (upward extension of the big toe) can indicate neurological problems but is not a specific warning sign of stroke.
F. Speech difficulty, such as slurred speech or trouble finding words, is a common sign of a stroke. It can involve problems with articulation, coherence, or understanding language.

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A nurse is conducting a physical examination of the musculoskeletal system of a client who reports having joint pain. Which signs indicate there is inflammation in the joints? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Taste in the 1/3 posterior of your tongue is given by:

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Stroke Warning signs includes? Select all that applied.

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D"]

Explanation

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